The most common neck masses in adults are neoplastic in nature, so they should be treated as neoplasms until the diagnosis turns out otherwise.

The American Cancer Society recorded 9,440 new cases of rectal cancer in the US in 2022. However rectal cancer is still rarer than sigmoid cancer. The most common etiology of anal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas

Introduction: Granular cell tumor (GCT) also known as Abrikossoff’s tumor is a structure composed of the granular eosinophilic cells. Usually presents as a benign lesion which occurs in all body parts, most frequently in the oral cavity, especially affect the tongue. Case presentation: A 28-year-old woman referred to the otolaryngology and head and neck surgery clinic due to a tumor-like lesion located in the front third of the tongue shaft in the midline. The patient reported that first time she noticed the tumor six months earlier after suffering from an infection of the upper respiratory tract and throat. In physical examination the tumor was hard, immobile and painless and measured about 1cm without visible infiltration of surrounding structures. Histopathological examination of the sections revealed thickened and acantotic hyperplasia of the paraepidermoid epithelium with the appearance of leukoplakia. There were visible signs of fibrosis in the stroma. Histopathological examination suggested fibroma if the clinical data were consistent. Due to the appearance of leukoplakia and the lack of a history of mechanical risk factors, the histopathologist decided to commission a Real-Time PCR test to assess HPV infection. The obtained result proved the presence of viral DNA of high risk HPV-16 genotype. It was recommended to remove the tumor under local anesthesia and consult a maxillofacial surgery clinic before the procedure. Conclusions: It may be rational to considered routine HPV diagnosis in patients diagnosed with GCT.

Introduction: SCC is a subtype of epithelial origin tumors that are common in glandular organs such as the lungs and pancreas, but are relatively rare in the large intestine. Pure squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the colorectum is extremely rare. Case presentation: A 47-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for surgical treatment of a rectal tumor initially diagnosed as a neuroendocrine tumor. She underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by laparoscopic abdomino-perineal resection of the rectum. Collected tissues of the tumor underwent histopathological evaluation in which the infiltration of BSCC (G2) was described. The p16 antigen were positively expressed in immunohistochemistry, which indicates an existing HPV infection with high oncogenic potential. Conclusions: It is certain that only histopathological diagnosis can give a reliable diagnosis of SCC and enable the implementation of appropriate treatment in the case of unresectable lesions. Keywords: squamous cell carcinoma, SCC, basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, BSCC

Introduction: Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) is a rare tumor consist of two components, adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine differentiation. Every each have to represents at least 30% of the tumor. Diagnosis is based on cytology, architecture and immunostaining. Specific neuroendocrine markers for MANEC are chromogranin A and synaptophysin. Purpose: In this paper, we aimed to present a case of MANEC arising from rectum. Case presentation: 67-years-old man was admitted to the hospital due to abdominal pain, obstruction and blood in the stool. From the colonoscopy simple, the histopathological examination exposed microfoci of adenocarcinoma. Small pelvis MRI disclosed clinically known circular, solid infiltrate in the middle and upper part of the rectum. Local advancement in MRI was T4b N2 EMVI + CRM +. Patient underwent the neoadjuvant radiochemo-therapy. The control MRI revealed tumor reduction. Local advancement in MRI was yT3d yN0 EMVI + CRM + RG3. The histopathological examination of the surgical material revealed MANEC tissue consisting of Adenocarcinoma G2 (60%) and Large cell neuroendocrinal carcinoma (40%) pT3 pN0 pMx. Immunohistochemical staining revealed a positive expression of chromogranin A, synaptophysin and Ki67 - 80% in the neuro-endocrine component. Lymphonodulitis reactiva 19/19. Seminal vesicles without neoplastic infiltration. The patient was discharged in good general condition, with a recommendation of a follow-up visit at a surgical clinic. Conclusions: MANEC is rare as a rectal neoplasm. Has no specific clinical symptoms. The most important in the diagnostic process is histopatho-logical analysis. Updating the knowledge about MANEC by new reports may optimize the diagnostic process, classification and treatment of this cancer.