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RESUMODurante o período gestacional a mulher passa por intensas alterações imunológicas, endócrinas, metabólicas e vasculares que a tornam susceptível a mudanças no seu organismo, inclusive na pele, determinando as dermatoses específicas da gravidez. Além disso, existe um segundo grupo de lesões dermatológicas que podem ser preexistentes e, portanto, vulneráveis a agravamento ou melhoria durante a gravidez. Os autores apresentam dermatose com quadro clínico, tratamento e evolução, e fazem ainda uma revisão atualizada da literatura médica. ABSTRACTDuring the gestational period, the woman undergoes intense immunological, endocrine, metabolic and vascular changes that make her susceptible to changes in her organism, including skin, determining the specific dermatoses of pregnancy. In addition, there is a second group of dermatological lesions that may be pre-existing and therefore liable to worsen or improve during pregnancy. The authors present a clinical case of dermatoses with clinical picture treatment and evolution and make an up-to-date review of the medical literature.

Introduction:Cryptorchidism is a common and prevalent condition in patients with Down syndrome. Environmental factors, such as smoking, can be associated with malformations during fetal development. The study of the prevalence of cryptorchidism and its association with parental tobacco use in Down syndrome can contribute to alert health care professionals, patients and family members regarding the prevention of the harms caused by cryptorchidism and its possible predisposing factors. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of cryptorchidism in Down syndrome and its association with maternal and paternal smoking. Method: Forty (40) patients of a public clinic specialized in Down syndrome were evaluated, using a semi-structured questionnaire for evaluation of antecedents and sociodemographic characteristics, as well as physical and complementary examinations. Results: Cryptorchidism was observed in 27.5% of the patients (95CI 15.98-42.96). Of these, 55% (5/9) were the children of mothers who smoked during pregnancy, and 19.35% (6/31) were the children of mothers who did not smoke during pregnancy (OR = 5.26 [95CI 1.06-25.41]; p=0.032). Similarly, paternal smoking was also observed in greater frequency among the parents of cryptorchid patients compared with subjects with descended testis, 63.36% (7/11) and 31.03% (9/29), respectively (OR = 3.89 .73]; p=0.060). Conclusion:The prevalence of cryptorchidism is high in patients with Down syndrome. We can show a strong association between smoking parents and the occurrence of cryptorchidism, especially when it comes to maternal smoking.

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