An experimental biochemical study was made on rabbits to demonstrate the possible role of aqueous extract of garlic as an antilipidaemic agent in the prevention of hyperlipidaemia. Untreated rabbits on atherogenic diet showed worse lipidaemic status than the normal control ones, as evident in higher serum cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level. On the otherhand the rabbits on atherogenic diet treated with aqueous extract of garlic showed significantly better lipidaemic status. It is suggested that aqueous extract of garlic is an important determinant of serum lipid level, which is an antilipidaemic agent against the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2007; 1(1): 16-20 Key words: Garlic; Cholesterol; hyperlipidaemia doi: 10.3329/imcj.v1i1.2890

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A five‐week study of thioridazine therapy was made in 14 geriatric patients with arteriosclerotic or “senile” disorders. The initial dosage was 75 mg daily, increased by 25 mg daily at weekly intervals. Mental alertness was preserved and no side‐effects were noted, in contrast results with some of the tranquilizers previously used by the patients. Tranquilizers have an important role in the management of geriatric patients. Thioridazine seems particularly suited for use in senile agitated states, for the control of symptoms while carrying out a positive programme of rehabilitation.

This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted in MMCH and CBMCB during the period from 1 st July/2005 to 30 th Jun/2006.The aim of the study was to find out the prescribing pattern of antimicrobials in cough or cold and pneumonia in under five years children. Prescriptions were collected from the out-patient pediatric department by using structured questionnaire. The structured questionnaires were made according to WHO/ INRUD drug use indicator. In case of cough or cold, the main findings on drug use were (a) Average number of drugs per prescription were 3.21 in MMCH and 3.85 in CBMCB respectively, (b) Percentage of prescriptions with an antibiotic prescribed was 100% in MMCH and CBMCB, (c) Percentage of drugs prescribed in generic name were 57.69% in MMCH and it was nil in CBMCB, (d) Cotrimoxazole, Amoxicillin and Cephalosporin were used frequently in MMCH and Cephalosporin and Erythromycin mostly were used in CBMCB, and (e) Route of administration were appropriate in both the institutes. In case of pneumonia, (a) Average number of drugs per prescription were 3.77, (b) Percentage of prescription with an antibiotic was 100%, (c) Percentage of drug prescribed in generic name was 27.5%, (d) Cephalosporin were used mostly (45.5%) for the treatment of pneumonia. Trend of poly pharmacy was found in both the institutes.

Background: The availability of essential drugs (medicines considered indispensable for the treatment of a disease) and the affordability of the common people are crucial for the successful functioning of any health system. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate antibiotic uses in the outpatient department by using INRUD indicators. Methods: This study was analytical cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 300 prescription collected from individuals at the outpatient’s department (OPD) of medicine, surgery, gynaecology and obstetrics from July 2011 to June 2012 in Mymensing medical college and hospital, Mymensing, Bangladesh. The study population was comprised of all the patients of OPD of Medicine, surgery, Gynecology and obstetrics. Patients who were visited the emergency, patients who transferred to another department, patient who got admitted during OPD visit and who expired were excluded from the study. Results: A total 300 prescriptions were analyzed during study period. Among the 300 patients, 180 (60.0%) were female and 120 (40.0%) were male. A total 902 individual drugs were prescribed for 300 drugs encounters, giving an average of 3.01 and the average number of drugs per prescription was found to be highest (3.05) in the gynecology and obstetrics OPD and the lowest (2.97) in the surgery OPD. It was also estimated that the average number of drugs per prescription was 3.00 in the medicine OPD. Conclusions: Special attention needs to be given to outpatient department where significant irrational prescribing in the terms of polypharmacy and relative absence of the directions about the use of drugs was evident.