This paper discusses characteristics of the variability in Hungarian address forms on the basis of questionnaire and interview data. Based on the results of her sociolinguistic study (Domonkosi 2002), the author argues that, beyond the dichotomy of T vs. V form, the Hungarian address system has a number of address variants of different social indexical value, which define the typical use and functions of the distinct variants. The analysis demonstrates that there are differences in the address of different age groups that are indicative of change in address in Hungarian. The paper also reports on intradyadic variability in address, the possible functions of switching of address and the correlation between the nature of the relationship vs. the number and type of possible address variants. The findings show that in today's Hungarian address switching between T and V form indicates a change in the quality of the relationship, that a dynamic switching back and forth between T and V forms is not usual, and that variants of nominal address forms signal emotional shades of meaning in relationships. The study also discusses possibilities of transfer of address and typical changes in the value of address forms, illustrating with empirical data how Hungarian kinship terms are used in non-literal ways.

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The paper explores how the politeness marker tetszik is used in Hungarian and how its functions are evaluated by the participants of doctor-patient communication. The possible functions of tetszik are investigated on the basis of questionnaires filled in by 50 patients and 50 GPs. Data about the social meanings of tetszik are presented with regard to the following: proportions of the use of tetszik in doctor-patient communication; metapragmatic evaluations and attitudes to the use of tetszik by doctors and patients; probable strategies underlying its use. Based on the data, we conclude that the use of the politeness marker tetszik is prototypically respectful while conveying familiarity and friendliness, with the age, gender, and relative status of the interlocutors also taken into consideration.

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eruditio-educatio 3-20 tanulmányok / Studies Nyelvmenedzselési folyamatok a magyar járványszókincs alakulásában Ludányi Zsófia -domonkosi ágnes Language management processes in the development of Hungarian vocabulary during the Covid-19 period AbstractThe aim of the study is to describe the language management processes in relation to vocabulary during the epidemic period. The pandemic since 2020 has had a number of linguistic and communicative impacts. New elements in the vocabulary and the development of the naming of new phenomena have been a crucial part of this process. Specific epidemiological terms have become widespread, and neologisms have been coined to denote phenomena and experiences related to the epidemic. The need to name new phenomena also triggered a number of language management processes, debates, and negotiations on new terms.