Background: Medical overuse is an issue that has recently gained attention. The "Choosing Wisely" campaign invited each specialty in each country to create its own top five lists of care procedures with a negative benefit-risk balance to promote dialogue between patients and physicians. This study aims to create such a list for French general practice. Methods: A panel of general practitioners (GPs) suggested care procedures that they felt ought to be prescribed less. Using the Delphi method, a short list of those suggestions was selected. Systematic literature reviews were performed for each item on the short list. The results were presented to the panel to assist with the final selection of the top five list. Results: The panel included 40 GPs. The list includes: i/ antibiotics prescription for acute bronchitis, nasopharyngitis, otitis media with effusion, or uncomplicated influenza, ii/ systematic prostate specific antigen testing in men older than 50, iii/ prescription of cholinesterase inhibitors for mild cognitive impairment and for Alzheimer's disease and memantine for Alzheimer's disease, iv/ statins prescription in primary prevention of cardio-vascular risk in older patients, and v/ benzodiazepine or benzodiazepine-like agents prescription for generalised anxiety, insomnia, and for all indications in older patients. Conclusions: This study resulted in a French top five list in general practice using a panel of GPs. All the items selected have a negative risk-benefit balance and are frequently prescribed by French general practitioners. This list differs from other top five lists for general practice, reflecting the local medical culture.
Background There is a current trend to reassess the adequacy of care. Establishing top five lists by involving patients is one way to address medical overuse. The objective of this study was to establish a patients’ top five list in general practice in France. The secondary objective was to identify selection criteria. Method Patients from the web-based cohort GrippeNet.fr were invited to establish their top five list from 15 care procedures previously selected by general practitioners on the basis of medical overuse. The care procedures were presented on a web-interface with guides written with the help of a patient association. A questionnaire was used to explore factors that may have influenced the choices of the participants. Results In total, 691 patients established the following top five list: 1/ Prescription of antibiotics for acute bronchitis, nasopharyngitis, otitis media with effusion, or uncomplicated influenza; 2/ Prescription of benzodiazepine and benzodiazepine-like agents for insomnia, generalised anxiety and all indications for older patients; 3/ Prescription of a homeopathic treatment (Influenzinum) for flu prevention; 4/ Prescription of antitussive or expectorant agents for acute cough or acute bronchitis care; 5/ Prescription of statins for the primary prevention of cardio-vascular risk in older patients. More than 70% of participants gave importance to the recommendations, effectiveness, and tolerance of the care procedures, whereas only half considered the cost. Conclusion This study is the first to establish a patient’s top-five list in general practice. This list provides direction for deciding the main targets in limiting medical overuse.
Introduction. Une étude visant à l’élaboration d’une liste de 5 procédures de soins (appelé « liste des 5 ») fréquemment prescrites en médecine générale malgré une balance bénéfices/risques déficitaire est actuellement en cours en France. L’allopurinol dans l’hyperuricémie asymptomatique était une des procédures de soins éligible pour cette « liste des 5 ». Objectif. Évaluer les bénéfices et risques de l’allopurinol dans l’hyperuricémie asymptomatique puis synthétiser les données de la littérature scientifique sous forme de guide destiné aux médecins généralistes investigateurs de la « liste des 5 ». Méthodes. Revue de la littérature utilisant les bases de données Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library et la littérature grise. Les données sur l’efficacité et la tolérance de l’allopurinol en prévention d’une première crise de goutte chez les patients sains avec hyperuricémie asymptomatique ont été recherchées. La qualité des études (articles originaux, revues de la littérature et méta-analyses) a été évaluée pour ne retenir que les données les plus solides pour l’élaboration du guide. Résultats. Sur 5 105 articles, aucune étude n’a été retrouvée sur l’effet de l’allopurinol dans l’hyperuricémie asymptomatique en prévention d’une première crise de goutte. Après élargissement des critères d’inclusion, un essai randomisé a été inclus. L’essai randomisé, de mauvaise qualité, montrait une diminution significative de la pression artérielle systolique ainsi qu’une amélioration significative de la fonction rénale. Pour les effets indésirables, les critères de recherche ont dû être élargis de nouveau aux patients non sains. La prise d’allopurinol exposait 1 patient sur 11 à des effets indésirables. Conclusion. Les données scientifiques actuelles n’incitent pas à la prescription d’allopurinol dans l’hyperuricémie asymptomatique. Le guide synthétique issu de cette recherche permettra aux médecins généralistes de l’étude de choisir leur « liste des 5 ».
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