The present study aimed to explore exposure to stressful events during a psychiatric admission and the predictive power of peritraumatic distress and dissociation in the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms after exposure to such events. Psychiatric inpatients (N = 239) were asked to report exposure to stressful events during their admission within 48 hours of being admitted. Individuals reporting at least one stressful event during admission (n = 70, 29%) were assessed for peritraumatic dissociation and distress in relation to this event and, 5 weeks later, were reassessed for PTSD symptoms. Eight participants (12.3%) scored above the cutoff for probable PTSD. Multiple regression analyses revealed that peritraumatic distress was a significant predictor of 5-week PTSD symptoms. Our findings suggest that individuals experiencing increased peritraumatic distress in relation to a stressful event experienced during a psychiatric admission might be at risk of PTSD symptoms and might benefit from increased attention.
Les sociétés dites « primitives » connaissent généralement le commerce. Il s’agit cependant d’une autre forme d’échange, « l’économie du don », mise en évidence par Mauss, qui est à l’origine des hiérarchies sociales. L’anthropologie « sociale » ou « structurelle » considère que ce modèle économique est essentiellement régi par des structures économiques dont les agents n’ont pas conscience, mais qui n’en font pas pour autant des automates : ces structures fournissent un cadre dans lequel les agents jouent plus ou moins habilement. L’anthropologie « culturelle » reproche, cependant, à l’analyse structurelle, de focaliser l’attention du chercheur sur certains types de structures (économiques, sociales, etc.) et de ne pas prendre en compte, pour cette raison, les autres sciences humaines. L’objet de ce travail interdisciplinaire est de montrer qu’une analyse structurelle de l’économie du don peut au contraire révéler des structures « verticales » reliant différentes échelles (sociale, cognitive, clinique) et dont l’étude dépend de plusieurs disciplines (sociologie, psychologie cognitive, psychologie clinique).
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