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The purpose of this study is to improve mathematics learning outcomes in the sum of different denominator fractions by using the Problem Based Learning model. The method used in this research is classroom action research using the Kemmis and Taggart spiral models, consisting of 4 stages, planning, action, observation, and reflection carried out with 2 cycles. The subjects of this study were grade IV students at GMIM 1 Woloan Elementary School with a total of 22 students, consisting of 10 male students and 12 female students. By using the Problem Based Learning learning model, data analysis shows that student learning outcomes have increased, where in the first cycle reached 63.63% while in the second cycle reached 85.04%. This shows an increase in learning activities. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded, that the application of the Problem Based Learning learning model can improve the mathematics learning outcomes of fourth grade students of GMIM 1 Woloan Elementary School on the summing material of different denominators

The objective of the research is to figure out the effect of instructional approach, and assessment authentic toward students' achievement in mathematics after controlling students' previous ability. The method used in this research is experimental method with 2x2 factorial design. The samples of this research are the students of class V in SD at Tomohon which define by random sampling 80 students are to be chosen the samples. The results of the research after controlling the students' previous ability indicate that: (1) the achievement of mathematics students who used the realistic mathematics education approach is higher than the instructional by conventional approach, (2) the achievement of mathematics who students' used assessment authentic of portfolio is higher than the result of the achievement mathematics learning by paper and pencil, (3) there is an interaction effect between instructional approach and assessment authentic toward the achievement of mathematics, (4) for groups students who used realistic mathematics education, the achievement of mathematics assessment portfolio is higher than the by paper and pencil, (5) for groups students' by paper and pencil, the achievement of mathematics used approach realistic mathematics education is lower than the approach conventional, (6) for groups students' by portfolio assessment, the achievement of mathematics using approach realistic mathematics education is higher than the approach conventional, and (7) for groups students who used conventional, the achievement of mathematics assessment portfolio is lower than the by paper and pencil, conventional.

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes onhuman respiratory system material. This study uses a classaction research design proposed by Kemmis and MCTaggart. The subject of the research was grade V studentsSD Inpres Kakaskasen II which totaled 39 students. theresults showed that in the first cycle the percentage ofstudent learning outcomes only reached 28% and in thesecond cycle the percentage of learning outcomes reached89.74%. Based on the results of these studies it can beconcluded that the application of the demonstration learningmodel can improve the learning outcomes of humanrespiratory system material in class V students SD InpresKakasksen IIKeywords: demonstration learning model, learning outcomes, humanrespiratory system.