Pendidikan Karakter merupakan tujuan dari diimplementasikannya KBK pada tahun 2006 dan menjadi K13 pada tahun 2013. Pemerintah menekankan tujuan akhir pendidikan mulai dari jenjang PAUD hingga PT yaitu mencetak SDM Indonesia yang berkarakter. Tujuan akhir ini dapat dicapai melalui berbagai macam jenis pembelajaran sehingga semua siswa akan mendapatkan pengalaman belajar sesuai dengan yang telah diajarkan baik di dalam kelas maupun di luar kelas. Berbagai macam metode pembelajaran juga juga penting untuk dilaksanakan, dan salah satu diantaranya adalah mendongeng. Mendongeng merupakan jenis pembelajaran bagi PAUD dari jenjang KB hingga TKB. Mendongeng cerita tentang Pahlawan Nasional Indonesia khusunya kaum perempuan yaitu Raden Ajeng Kartini bukan hal yang mudah namun dengan kreatifitas guru siswa PAUD akan belajar untuk memahaminya. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data melalui pengamatan, wawancara dan semacam mini PTK yang dilakukan melalui perekaman video, pemotretan dan penulisan data. Analisa data dilakukan berdasar teori tentang mendongeng dan PAUD. Hasil penelitian berupa adanya perubahan karakter siswa PAUD walaupun hanya singkat namun dengan proses internalisasi semua siswa akhirnya akan dapat melaksanakan nilai-nilai perjuangan Kartini. Kata Kunci: PAUD, pendidikan karakter, mendongeng

Spoken communication demands the students' intelligible pronunciation of English speech sounds since unintelligible pronunciation hampers successful communication. However, the pronunciation of English speech sounds is problematic for many EFL learners even after years of learning English. The pronunciation problem is more complex when the speech sounds occur in a text. This is because, in an English class, the focus of pronunciation practice is usually on isolated words, phrases and sentences. Thus, they find difficulties when they apply the words, phrases, and sentences in a text. This study focused on teaching English diphthongs using the text-based approach. It investigated how text-based teaching can enhance the EFL students� mastery to pronounce English diphthongs in a text. This study is an experimental design, comparing two groups of students� pronunciation competence taught with genre/text-based approach and conventional approach. The research results revealed the effectiveness of text-based teaching since there was a significant difference in the students' competence taught with text-based teaching compared to those taught with the conventional method. Drilling techniques which were also applied played a vital role in the pronunciation practice. Based on the conclusion above, it is recommended that English teachers apply the text-based approach and drilling techniques as an alternative strategy to teach English diphthongs.

This study aims to reveal hybridity and liminality in Jhumpa Lahiri's short story entitled A Temporary Matter. This research is a qualitative research with a postcolonial approach. The theory used in this research is postcolonialism theory by Homi K. Bhabha. The methods applied in this study include data collection methods and data analysis methods. The data obtained were taken from the speech of the characters and the narrator in the short story A Temporary Matter. Bhabha in The Location of Culture (1994) discusses hybridity in society during the post-colonial era and is applied to diaspora literature. Hybridity is related to human culture and identity. Culture and identity are formed dynamically, they experience development, progress, and decline according to conditions and circumstances. Diaspora literature is produced from the writings of people living outside the country and/or writings that contain diaspora experiences. In the process of hybridity, there is a gap between the two cultures. The gap is called liminality in which there is repression of the (colonial) past that is not revealed. One of the writers included into the category of diaspora writers is Jhumpa Lahiri. In A Temporary Matter, she shows the hybridity experienced by the two main characters of Indian descent living in the United States. They were husband and wife; Shukumar and Shoba. They experienced cultural adaptation to cultures outside India. In their lives, cultural mixing occurs. This mixture is seen in the food, clothing, and language they use. Between these mixtures, several gaps fill the transition. This is found in the main character's utterances.

This research paper analyzed the ego defense mechanism by Sigmund Freud that are found in the main character of “Fight Club“ novel. The author of novel is Chuck Palahniuk in 1996. This research applied qualitative study, and the data are derived from the novel. The researcher focuses on causes of defense mechanism, the ego defense mechanism that the main character experienced and the effect that the main character got. The researcher found that anxiety is the cause why defense mechanism of the main character can active. The main character also applied ego defense mechanism namely displacement and reaction formation. And the effect for the main character is he becomes more bravely and easier to accept the reality.             The ego defense mechanism is an unconscious psychological process that helps a person overcome anxiety due to a stressful internal or external  environment. The defense mechanism finds its origin in Freud's structural theory of mind, which divides the human mind into three parts: id, ego, and superego. The interaction of the ego and superego gives rise to morality, guilty, and a conscience.

Non-native English learners need time to learn English language since they just heard without knowing how to pronounce it correctly. This condition occurs in common Primary Schools because the students do not have foreign language background, at school as well as at home. The hidden curriculum focusing on students’ soft skills are not well administered as the school managements think that what they have to do in running the academic atmosphere is teaching well for their students. The first step in teaching English for young learners especially those who are non-native English learners is introducing English by getting to know it. Piaget’s child’s development contributes in helping teachers to know their student’s growth physically and mentally in order to help them learn better while they play different teacher’s roles. Piaget proves that cognitivism gives insight that is children’s develop through stages since they were born. First graders at their age is on the stage called preoperational with one of characteristics that is language development with the goal to create symbolic thought. One way to achieve this goal is by teaching alphabet for first graders.