Valeriana prionophylla (Valerianaceae) phenology in Costa Rican paramo. Valeriana prionophylla (Valerianaceae) is a medicinal plant used primarily to treat nervous disorders and respiratory problems. In Costa Rica it is found at 2 800-3 700 meters over sea level in Central Pacific Conservation Area and “Amistad Pacifica” Conservation Areas as well. Due to its medicinal importance, there has been various analysis done regarding its phenological aspects in wild populations. Two plots of 88m2 were observed, and from December 2010 to September 2012 the phenological elements associated with their growth and spread were studied monthly. It was found that between May and September an asynchronous phenological behavior took place between plants and phenophases: floral tube, flower bud, unfertilized flowers, fertilized flowers and seeds. Exist a positive relation between precipitation and unfertilized flower (p=0.657) and fertilized flower (p=0.641). The appearance of the first phenological stage, the floral tube, matches with the beginning of the rainy season in the area. Only has one phenological period during the year.
Costa Rica tiene una flora rica en plantas con usos medicinales. El presente trabajo documenta la variedad de plantas con uso medicinal y otros usos importantes dentro y alrededor de una plantación de cacao orgánico en Pueblo Nuevo de Guácimo, Costa Rica. En un sondeo rápido encontramos un total de 61 especies con valores medicinales en cuatro categorías de áreas utilizadas por la población local, jardines o huertas caseras, las orillas entre caminos y plantaciones y sus cercas vivas, las plantaciones de cacao orgánico y bosques ribereños. Además, se identificaron 10 especies con otros usos importantes, una de las cuales se encuentra en peligro de extinción. Sin embargo, a pesar de la gran variedad de plantas, es importante hacer notar que son subutilizadas por la población local, la cual no tiene conocimiento específico sobre medicina natural con la excepción de algunas plantas de uso popular. Por esta razón sugerimos que autoridades y la sociedad civil promuevan programas de educación ambiental para promover el uso de la medicina tradicional en las áreas rurales.
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