In this paper, a mathematical model for the oxidative desulfurization of kerosene had been developed. The mathematical model and simulation process is a very important process due to it provides a better understanding of a real process. The mathematical model in this study was based on experimental results which were taken from literature to calculate the optimal kinetic parameters where simulation and optimization were conducted using gPROMS software. The optimal kinetic parameters were Activation energy 18.63958 kJ/mol, Pre-exponential factor 2201.34 (wt)-0.76636. min-1 and the reaction order 1.76636. These optimal kinetic parameters were used to find the optimal reaction conditions which used to obtain a high conversion (≥ 99%). These optimal reaction conditions were reaction temperature 379.4 oK and reaction time 160 min. A scale up to batch reactor was conducted using these optimal kinetic parameters and optimal reaction conditions and the results showed the best reactor size that can be used at a diameter of 1.2 m.

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In the chemical and petroleum industries, metals are used in over 90% of construction units. Iron and steel are widely used metals in the fabrication and manufacturing of petroleum field operating platforms. The exposures of metals to the effect of bases or acids in the various industries can be severe to the metals specifications and thus result in suddenly failure of materials in service. So that, the need to investigate the protection of metals when exposed to various environments, as this is a very important factor in the selection of material that determines the service life of it. In the present study, the effect of various concentrations ranging from (25 to 100 mg/l) of sodium nitrate was studied in inhibiting the corrosion of carbon steel placed in different concentrations of hydrochloric acid solution (1 M, 2 M, and 3 M), the results showed that the concentration of (75 mg/l) of sodium nitrate achieved the best inhibition of the acid used in all the concentrations used, as it reduced the corrosion rate by 48.91% for a concentration of 1 M, 39.38% for a concentration of 2 M, and 35.33% for a concentration of 3 M.

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