Use of robotics and computerized tools in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) has been identified as a highly recommended practice by IAEA. The key rationale of robotics application has always been to avoid human exposure to hazardous environments and tasks ranging from scrutiny and general maintenance to decontamination and post accidental activities. To execute these activities, robots need to incorporate artificial intelligence, improved sensors capability, enhanced data fusion and compliant human like leg and hand structures for efficient motions. Next generation robotic systems in NPPs are expected to work in full autonomous mode in contrast to the current semi-autonomous scenarios. Far future systems could deploy humanoid robots as well. This paper presents state-of-theart of robotics developed for NPPs, associated challenges and finally comments on future directions. Raza ul Islam is a Master student at CIIT Pakistan and is actively involved in research on robotics and control systems. S. Riaz un Nabi is a PhD candidate in Istituto

The advancement in medical science and technology has revolutionized human interaction with machines, crafting one of the most promising state-of-the-art technological fields of today's world. This innovation has made doors opened to rehabilitation beyond patient assistance-Brain Computer Interface (BCI) has stepped forward towards life automation (brain controlled daily life actions), and entertainment (hands-free gaming). This paper reviews key techniques and sensors vital to this technological paramount, along with an appraisal to the commercially available sensors. An exclusive appraisal on state of-the-art BCI technologies has also been discussed conferring their application specific importance. The methodical study of these technologies and comparison of corresponding techniques and sensors is potentially useful to demonstrate the significance of brain machine interface.

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