A variety of fluorescence-active fluorinated pyrazolines 13–33 was synthesized in good yields through cyclocondensation reaction of propenones 1–9 with aryl hydrazines 10–12. Some of the synthesized compounds provided promising fluorescence properties with quantum yield (Φ) higher than that of quinine sulfate (standard reference). Quantitative structure–property relationship studies were undertaken supporting the exhibited fluorescence properties and estimating the parameters governing properties. Five synthesized fluorescence-active pyrazolines (13, 15, 18, 19 and 23) with variable Φ were selected for treating two types of paper sheets (Fabriano and Bible paper). These investigated fluorescence compounds, especially compounds 19 and 23, provide improvements in strength properties of paper sheets. Based on the observed performance they can be used as markers in security documents.

Background: Printer forensics is a sub-branch of digital forensic science encompassing the identification of the source of any printout by different means. Over the world, still today, there is no digital forensic lab able to identify the source of the color laser printer seized in forgery crimes by a certain scientific method. Therefore, the determination for the identity and uniqueness of color laser printouts have become one of the most challenging recently investigated in digital forensic labs. Method: In the present study, one type of the most common brand of color laser printers called Ricoh® was selected. Three defined steps, printing, scanning, and extracting, were applied to measure and calculate the obtained data for achieving our target. Adobe Creative Cloud Photoshop 2018 was used as a forensic tool for image processing. Results: In our study, 400 color laser printout samples from 93 Ricoh® color laser printers with different serial numbers were investigated. The study results successfully present the basic coded dot matrix pattern (CDMP) that characterizes and corresponds to the Ricoh® color laser machines with a 100% accuracy ratio. Conclusion: The determination of identity and uniqueness of color laser printouts of Ricoh® brand was achieved with a high accuracy ratio (100%). Adobe Creative Cloud Photoshop 2018 was a versatile software applied as a steganalysis tool for extracting the steganography information embedded in all undertaken color laser printouts.

Background: In a field of digital forensic science, we have struggled to prove and keep any evidence in its most original form. The seized source of color laser printers in forgery crimes has been still an awkward issue today in digital forensic labs for identification. Till now no any scientific method has reported at all over the world that could be applied to make a success in an investigation for identifying the source of color laser printers with accuracy ratio 100%. Method: We have explored an advanced security feature that has embedded in the color laser printouts of Xerox® brand. Adobe® Photoshop® CC 2018 has used as an indirect and nondestructive tool for our work. Results: In this study, we could detect the hidden information (steganalysis) embedded in the color laser printouts of Xerox® brand candidate. Therefore, we could extract the clear precise machine identification code pattern corresponding to each color laser printer of Xerox® brand selected. Conclusion: Via Adobe® Photoshop® CC 2018, we could successfully track all active security features characteristic of the color laser printers of Xerox® brand. Moreover, we could detect the identity and uniqueness of each color laser printer which had studied with an accuracy ratio reached to a hundred percent.

This work deals with using a novel approach for securing and dating printed documents, which will detect any forging crime present. In this respect, the coded dots matrices (machine identification code (MIC)) for the used printers are extracted via a binary system of base 2 (0, 1). The UV ink used in the printing process is prepared from novel fluorescence compounds together with polyvinyl alcohol. Different Xerox models of color laser printers are used for printing the document designs. The data obtained reveal that the investigated approach is succeeded in specifying the date of the printing process together with translating the embedded data of the printer to visible information, which can be tracked under a UV lamp. This innovative approach will assist workers in examining the questioned document by specifying the authorized date and position of printed documents from the MIC.

A novel series of pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized and their spectral properties were characterized via FT-IR, H, andC NMR. The electronic transitions and fluorescence properties were tracked via UV-Vis and emission spectrometry. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been also computed to get spot onto the geometry, electronic transitions and spectroscopic properties theoretically that has been compared with the encountered experimental ones. Moreover, the dipole moment, optimized energy, HOMO - LUMO energies and band gaps were calculated for novel candidates pyrazoline derivatives with highly fluorescence quantum yield.