Oksida grafena adalah turunan dari grafena yang mudah disintesis dan aplikasi yang sangat luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyintesisoksida grafena dari arang tempurung kelapa yang memiliki karakter partikel nano karbon sebagai antibakteri dan antioksidan. Oksida grafena dari arang tersebut berhasil disintesis dengan rendemen 1,85% b/b menggunakan modifikasi metode Hummers dengan ukuran rataan partikel 33,7 nm. Gugus fungsi beroksigen pada spektrum inframerah pada bilangan gelombang 2933 cm-1 dan 1615 cm-1 menandakan oksida grafena berhasil terbentuk. Puncak difraksi sinar X 23,5o dan kristalinitas sebesar 6,85%. Derajat kristalinitas yang rendah menunjukan bahwa oksida grafena memiliki fasa amorf. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan berdasarkan kemampuannya mereduksi besi(III) dan hasil sintesis memperlihatkan aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 50% dibanding standar. Hasil pengujian antibakteri ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona bening terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus sehingga oksida grafena memiliki aktivitas antibakteri namun tergolong lemah.

Indonesia is a tropical country with mega-biodiversity. Several medicinal plants locally have been recognized for their anti-inflammatory properties and are traditionally used to help treat respiratory diseases. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the diseases known as the high cause of death globally, and one of the treatment efforts is by using anti-inflammatory drugs. In developing alternative remedies for COPD, this review summarizes the potential of Indonesian medicinal plants and their ingredients known to have an anti-inflammatory activity to develop alternative remedies for COPD. Primarily, we focus on the medicinal plants that have been scientifically proven to pose some biological activities, such as legetan warak (Adenostemma lavenia), celery (Apium graveolens), pegagan (Centella asiatica), kenikir (Cosmos caudatus), and kersen (Muntingia calabura). This review is expected to provide more information about Indonesian medicinal plants and their potencies to be developed as COPD herbal medicine and, further, as a treatment to help patients suffering from coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

This research reported carbon dot were synthesized form citric acid and urea through a single step microwave process and Poly Vinyl Pirrolidone (PVP) films composited by carbon dot were prepared. The effects of different composition carbon dots  on mechanical strength of films and water vapour barrier were evaluated. Highest mechanical yielded composite film were analyzed their thermal stability. Average of carbon dot diameter was found 90.61 nm and polydispersity indice 0.396. Different composition carbon dot exhibit significant improvement in tensile strength and modulus. Water permeablity of films varieate with content of carbon dot. The presence of carbon dot had a negligible effect on Tg of film and show melting process.

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