Objectives: Throughout history, people have lived through various situations of security, peace, recovery, and war, as well as the cruelty over the diversity, intensity, duration, or shortness of life. This study aimed to assess the self-esteem of amputees living in Hilla City, Babylon Province, in Center of Iraq. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted to determine the association between body image and self-esteem of amputees. By a purposive sampling method, 200 subjects from both genders and different age groups (25-35, 36-46, 47-57, 58-68, and >69 years) were recruited. The study data were collected through the modified questionnaire of multidimensional body-self relations questionnaire, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and interviews with the patients individually. The obtained data were collected and analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Most participants were male patients aged between 58 and 68 years. The lower limbs were the most amputation site caused by the war for less than five years. The majority of amputees had negative responses toward their body image. As well as depicts (39%) as a majority response of amputated patients were never feel with their self-esteem. There was a high reverse association between body image and self-esteem (P<0.01). Discussion: Our analysis reflects that amputees see themselves negatively, which leads to a lack of self-esteem. Also, a feeling of negative body image affects their self-esteem. Hospitals should provide specialists in mental health and psychological therapy to increase the chance for early intervention and psychological treatment in these cases. The hospitals must provide programs to guide amputees and reduce their psychological problems.

Objectives: The study aim is to assess the vaccination status of children under two years old in Al-Asatetha primary health care center / Hilla-Iraq. Method: Retrospective study design (Retrospective chart review) was used to assess the missed opportunities of vaccination for children under the age of two years by reviewing their immunization status from medical reports at the primary health care center. The purposive sampling was used to collect the data of 1000 children born from 1-1-2020 to 31-12-2020 through the period from 1 December 2021 to 1 February 2022. Results: the finding of the current study showed that the age of children in the selected period (2020-2021) was between11-23 months, the number of children (1-8) in the same family, and almost all of these families reside in urban areas. Regarding the parents’ educational level the high percentage of both fathers and mothers were attained a primary level of education, and most of the fathers were working, while most of the mothers were not work. Concerning the vaccination status the finding showed that the percentage of missed vaccination opportunities reached 61%, and there was a significant positive correlation between vaccination status and (family residence, parental education level, and fathers' occupation) with a P value of 0.01. On the other hand, the number and the order of children in families had an inversely significant relationship with vaccination status at a P value of 0.01. Conclusion: the study concludes that numerous factors affect the vaccination rate such as parents' education attainment and awareness, family size, address, and economic status of the family.

The single-stranded RNA virus (coronavirus 2019) pandemic has represented a massive influence on health care professionals and communities around the world. This virus is accompanied by a range of respiratory disorders. Morbidity and mortality are in elevation among pregnant mothers. COVID-19 vaccine is considered safe for the majority of the population. Safety concerns were raised toward pregnant mothers and the COVID-19 vaccine. In the present study, data were taken out from relevant manuscripts; from 20th April 2021 to 25th December 2021. In this study, literature reviews from the most comprehensive health database on 100 papers published during 2020 and 2021 were used. This review article aimed to assess the present evidence available in the literature about the possible effect of COVID-19 on pregnant mothers and their fetuses and, to address considerations for maternal COVID-19 vaccine based on the review of existing data to aid in spreading the awareness about the benefits of vaccine that could save lives. In general, COVID-19 vaccines resulted in reducing the ability of virus transmission and patients’ hospitalization. COVID-19 vaccines will never cause infection of corona virus. Evidence showed that COVID-19 vaccines from any brand will reduce the mortality and morbidity. However, available data indicated that possible deterioration of the clinical conditions of pregnant mothers infected with COVID-19 cannot be excluded. Primary outcomes did not show clear safety signs among pregnant mothers who received COVID-19 vaccines. This is because pregnant and lactating mothers were excluded from COVID-19 vaccine studies. Thus, data to lead vaccine decision-making are inadequate. More longitudinal follow up studies are necessary to reinforce the safety of the vaccine.

Clinical judgement is the foundation of nursing practices and recognized as essential skills for all nurses and serves as a distinguishing factor between professional nurses and those in strictly technical roles. Hence, the goal of this study was to evaluate of academic nurse’s clinical judgement skills. A cross-sectional quantitative design is used to conduct this study. The data was gathered during a period of time that started on July 10, 2021, and ended on September 20, 2021, using a non-probability purposive sampling approach that recruited (ninety-one) critical-care nurses from three public governmental hospitals in Babylon City, Iraq. The data was obtained through using a questionnaire format and amended by the researcher, data analyzed was through using (SPSS -version 25). More than half (56.0 %) of the study's participants are between the ages of 25 and 29, and more than two-thirds (61.5 %) are female, single, have a degree of Baccalaureate in nursing, within (1-5) years graduated from nursing, experience in nursing was (1-5 years), and live in urban regions. The results indicated that the majority of participants had average clinical judgement abilities, overall mean was (1.56).