Background: using physical restraints is a highly preferred practice in intensive care units. Most of the studies show that the main reasons for restraining patients is to prevent dislodgment of medical equipment’s and nurses have positive attitudes about restraining practices. Objectives: this research was conducted for the purpose of evaluating the use of physical restraints, and observing ongoing practices and perceptions about physical restraints among intensive care unit nurses. Methodology: A descriptive–cross sectional study done with 3 intensive care unit nurses in the 1st of Jan to end of May 2014. Nurses who agree to participate in the study were (63) filled out the questionnaire prepared by the researcher. The questionnaire consisted of three parts. The first part included questions related to nurses demographic variables; the second part included questions related to restraint practices of nurses; the third part included phrases to determine nurses perceptions for restraint use where nurses gave agree/ disagree answers. Results: the study indicated that the Prevalence of physical restraint use is high in all ICUs. Gauze is the mostly used but not a proper material for restraining patients in all intensive care units. Reasons for using restraints as described by nurses are to prevent equipment dislodgement and providing safe working environment for themselves. Conclusions: In this study, physical restraining practices of intensive care nurses and materials used for this practice are not appropriate for patient care. Perceptions and knowledge of nurses play an important role on the selection of the restraining method. Recommendation: The study recommended that in order to get a better nursing care it is very important to develop a restraint policy and educate nurses to provide awareness about this highly used practice in intensive care units in these hospitals

Nursing communication skills are critical. As most patients have little understanding about the medical procedures, many patients may feel confused about what is happening around them.  Nurses with excellent communication skills can help reassure patients, understand their needs during preoperative care.Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess nursing communication skills in preoperative care and to look at disparities in nurses' communication skills based on sociodemographic factors.Methods: A descriptive study with a purposive sample of (N=104) nurses was conducted. This sample is distributed throughout two hospitals regarding to the Babylon Health Directorate. The questionnaire consists of )45 (items. The reliability of the questionnaire was verified by conducting a pilot study and submitting it to a list of experts in nursing field. Data was obtained using self-report and a questionnaire, then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.Results: The findings revealed that (45.2%) of nurses’ expressed a moderate level of communication skills with the surgical patients. The nurses’ communication skills are significantly associated with their gender (p=0.000), education level (p=0.000), years of experience in surgical wards (p=0.007) and number of training sessions (p=0.000).

Nurses performance is the basis of patient safety as nurses can prevent, protect and avoid harm to patients by providing good performance that prevents medical errors in critical care units. The role of nurses is also affected by many of the specific requirements of the work that they need to provide the best nursing performance. The study aimed to assess performance of academic nurses at the point of care. A cross-sectional quantitative study, with non-probability purposive sampling, was adopted and recruited (91) critical-care nurses at Hillah City/Iraq, the data was collected during a period of time that began on July 10, 2021, and finished on September 20, 2021. Data was collected through using the questionnaire format and top up by the researcher and analyzed data through using (SPSS -version 25). The majority of the study sample (56.0%) is within the second age group (25-29) years old, (61.5%) are female, single, have a Baccalaureate degree in nursing, within (1-5) years graduate from nursing, with (1-5 years) experience in nursing, and most of them are living in urban areas. The results indicated that the majority of participants had a good performance, overall mean (2.52).

Clinical judgement is the foundation of nursing practices and recognized as essential skills for all nurses and serves as a distinguishing factor between professional nurses and those in strictly technical roles. Hence, the goal of this study was to evaluate of academic nurse’s clinical judgement skills. A cross-sectional quantitative design is used to conduct this study. The data was gathered during a period of time that started on July 10, 2021, and ended on September 20, 2021, using a non-probability purposive sampling approach that recruited (ninety-one) critical-care nurses from three public governmental hospitals in Babylon City, Iraq. The data was obtained through using a questionnaire format and amended by the researcher, data analyzed was through using (SPSS -version 25). More than half (56.0 %) of the study's participants are between the ages of 25 and 29, and more than two-thirds (61.5 %) are female, single, have a degree of Baccalaureate in nursing, within (1-5) years graduated from nursing, experience in nursing was (1-5 years), and live in urban regions. The results indicated that the majority of participants had average clinical judgement abilities, overall mean was (1.56).

Cardiac catheterization (CC) is a technique in which a symptomatic patient with heart disease undergoes a routine that necessitates hospitalization. This study aims to assess patients’ adherence to therapeutic recommendations after percutaneous coronary intervention. Cross-sectional quantitative descriptive design carried out in Al-Najaf Governorate. Non-probability purposive sampling consisted of 120 patients with coronary artery disease for at least six months after percutaneous coronary intervention. The start date was from October 1st, 2020 and last to May 1th, 2022. The data gathered via interview method by Adhrerence questionnaire which include 54 items. This study finds that from sample 40.8% were within 51-60 years old, 65.8% were male, 20.8% were intermediate school graduated, 59.2% were rural residence, 90% were married, 72.5% experienced CAD for less than 6 years, 98.3% received therapeutic recommendations, 38.3% admitted for the second time, and 70.8% have fair level of adherence. In turn Age, level of education, disease duration significantly associated with adherence variable. Patients’ adherence to therapeutic recommendations is moderate after PCI. As age increases, adherence to therapeutic recommendations decreases. Good level of adherence accelerates among patients with high educational level.Longer disease duration accompanying with poor adherence.