Uterus prolapse is a common gynecological condition which is relatively less common during pregnancy. Prolapse maybe conceptualized as a type of herniation or bulge of the pelvic organs into or out of the vagina because of damage or weakness of connective tissues and muscles of pelvic floor area Objective: The objective was to determine the prevalence of uterus prolapse among pregnant females. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in pregnant females. Sample size of 189 was calculated. Standardized questionnaire was used for data collection Results: A bulge or protrusion falling out that you can see or feel in your vagina was moderately present in 5.3% (10) females. Heaviness in the pelvic area was felt by 6.9% (13) females. Along with prolapse there was weakness in pelvic floor muscles and ligaments so that the leakage of urine is present in 3.7% (7) females Conclusions: Uterus prolapse is mildly present in 8.5% and moderately present among 5.3% of pregnant females varying with their age, parity and strength of pelvic floor structures. All females with prolapse have a bulge in their vagina but its severity is different in every woman.
According to World Health Organization, self-medication is defined as the “use of over-the-counter medication to treat self-diagnosed symptoms or disorders or for the continuous and re-use of prescribed medications for recurrent diseases.” Objective: To compare the perception and practice of self-medication among medical and non-medical students at the University of Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: It is a comparative cross-sectional study with non-probability convenient sampling technique. Five hundred and eighty four students participated in this survey. The data were collected through questionnaire. Results: 98.6% of the students were self-medicating; 50.1% were medical and 49.9% were non-medical students. The frequency of medical students knowing more about the medicines they consumed needed a prescription, and self-medication is not safe to treat the illness is higher than in non-medical students. Personal knowledge was the main source and time saving was the main cause of self-medication. The frequency of medical students reading the leaflet is higher in medical than in non-medical students. The frequency of painkillers is higher in non-medical students compared to medical students. The most frequent indications for self-remedy in both groups were headache, fever, cough & common cold. Conclusions: The frequency of self-medication was high among the students of the University of Lahore. The population may be educated against the harmful effects of self-medication and authorities should monitor pharmacies that are part of the self-medication process
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