Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may AbstractThis note reports the results of field surveys of individuals and firms in Albania, carried out during 1998. The surveys were designed to analyse the extent of emigration from Albania during the 1990s and its causes and consequences. Our results show that emigrants are motivated mainly by the ease of access to neighbouring countries and by the prospect of high financial returns. Although most emigrants worked illegally and had parttime, low-skilled jobs, the majority found the overall experience positive, and the skills and earnings they acquired abroad have contributed to establishing businesses upon their return. These results have important policy implications for both EU countries and other transition countries in the region.JEL Classification: F22, O52, P2

This paper focuses on job flows and unemployment in Albania during the transition from a closed, communist system to an open, free-market economy, and examines the role of emigration in the restructuring of the country. Our theoretical model indicates that in Albania, temporary emigration may have a significant positive effect on hiring in the private sector, reducing unemployment. Using sectoral data on employment, we illustrate the importance of emigration as an alternative for the Albanian labour force, and we measure the extent to which job 'destruction' in some sectors of the economy has been compensated for by job 'creation' in others. On these grounds, we compare the progress of Albania with other former socialist countries in Europe. Copyright 1996 The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.

There exist different methods and definition how to measure poverty. It can be measured by income or consumption, objectively or as a perception of individuals for their socio-economic situation.The objective and subjective poverty are highly correlated and both are influenced by socioeconomic factors. Till now, it is the objective poverty mostly considered while the subjective one has been analyzed only as a part of it. Assessments of the subjective poverty are more scarce, especially in the case of transition countries. Different studies proposed advantages and disadvantages of using each method. The significance of different factors shows the characteristics and the trend of monetary or subjective poverty. The national poverty is Albania is calculated through monetary poverty. There are a set of influenced factors related with household composition, geographic division, education and other socio-economic indicators. In this paper we analyze the perception of individuals for the poverty, the relationship of this perception with the objective poverty, and the socio-demographic factors that influence the probability of being poor. There are used the data from the Albanian Living Standard Measurement Survey (LSMS).