Turraea heterophylla Smith (Meliaceae) is a species used in Ivorian's traditional medicine for its various properties, such as antimalarial and aphrodisiac. This study aims to determine the chemical composition of the leaves from T. heterophylla and their content in polyphenols, in addition the antibacterial activity of the methanolic extract. Chemical test and spectrophotometry methods were used for phyotchemical study. The antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (CIP 54127AF) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CIP 103467). Phytochemical study revealed the presence of polyterpenes, steroids, alkaloids, saponins, polyphenols and flavonoids. A very high content of flavonoids and polyphenols were observed in the ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts. The antibacterial tests indicated that the methanol extract of the leaves from T. heterophylla had bacteriostatic properties against the germs tested with MIC values greater than 3000 µg / mL.

Oxidative stress is an aggravating factor involved in a number of pathologies. The source and mobilization of antioxidant compounds are a challenge for the public health sector and new approaches are needed to assess and identify the main sources of antioxidants. Monkeys and great apes are considered to tolerate the Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection and other diseases. The current study aimed at screening wild chimpanzee's diet to select plants with high antioxidant potential as supplement for improving health status of people under oxidative stress. Bio-cultural approach based on chimpanzee's diet or auto-medication and human traditional medicine was used for selection of eight species, Ficus elasticoides, Ficus lyrata, Ficus umbelleta, Ficus thonningii, Ficus mucuso, Xylopia quintasii, Sherbournia calycina and Myrianthus libericus. Further, antioxidant activity of extracts (methanolic and dichloromethane) from these plants was assessed by 2, 2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. Methanolic extract of leaves from F. elasticoides showed the highest radical scavenging activity with 96.69% of DPPH inhibition, followed by extracts of F. lyrata (94.53%), X. quintasii (94.36%) and F. mucuso (94.33%). The IC 50 values of extracts were respectively 7.8, 9.3, 8.3 and 8.7 µg/ml and close to those of ascorbic acid (8.00 µg/ml) and gallic acid (8.20 µg/ml). The ferric reducing power of F. lyrata (185.01 µM) was the strongest. Active species contain monoterpenoid, secoiridoides and polyphenols. Further investigation on the use of such plants in the traditional medicine will contribute to generate an added value at the interface of human and animal nutrition to provide nutraceuticals for immunocompromised people.

The revaluation of medicinal plants in the veterinary pharmacopoeia is essential for the development of livestock in Burkina Faso. In order to justify the use of C. sesamoides and S. hermonthica in the treatment of gastrointestinal parasitosis of small ruminants, a quantification of phenolic compounds as well as antioxidant activity and acute toxicité evaluation of both plants were performed. Acute toxicity was evaluated by administering a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of both plants to mice. The highest total polyphenol content for C. sesamoides was obtained in the ethyl acetate fraction with 47.236 ± 2.57 mgEAG/100mg while that of S. hermonthica was 74.871 ± 2.57 mgEAG/100mg obtained with the n-butanol Fraction. The dichloromethane extract of S. hermonthica obtained the highest total flavonoid content with 7.31 ± 0.48 mgEQ/ 100 while the highest total flavonoid content of C. sesamoides was obtained with ethyl acetate fraction with 5.4273 ± 0.35 mgEQ/100mg. The aqueous extract of C. sesamoides obtained the highest content of condensed tannins with 3.028 ± 0.13 mgEAT/100mg. Both plant's extracts did not show any signs of toxicity in NMRI mice after administration of the dose of 2000 mg/kg.

Skin health is a concern for many people. This aim of this study is to evaluate in vitro the antioxidant activity of 10 plants used in cosmetopoeia for the maintenance of skin health. To achieve this objective, 30 extracts were tested using 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6) acid. -sulfonic) (ABTS + •) assays. The extracts studied were rich in total polyphenols, flavonoids, gallic tannins and alkaloids. For the DPPH reduction, 7 extracts including 5 methanolic and 2 aqueous extracts showed a percentage of inhibition similar to that of Vitamin C (95.79 ± 10.53%) used as a control. With ABTS, 11 extracts (5 methanol, 3 aqueous and 3 hexane) gave reduction percentages close to Trolox (95.97 ± 8.51%). These active plants could play a role in the maintaining of skin.

No abstract