Background In Sunamganj there are fewer than four skilled providers per 10,000 population and just 27% of births are assisted by a skilled attendant. We evaluate a private community skilled birth attendant (P-CSBA) model, developed through the GSK-CARE Frontline Health Worker Programme, designed to address this gap and report on changes in service utilization and health outcomes from baseline to three years post-baseline. Methods This analysis presents the results of a pre-post cross sectional design. A baseline survey (n = 1800) was conducted using a multistage cluster sampling approach. Three years postbaseline a second cross-sectional survey (n = 1755) was conducted across the same project area. To describe demographic characteristics of the study participants descriptive statistical techniques were used as appropriate. Logistic and multiple logistic regression, controlling for a comprehensive set of covariates, were used to assess odds ratios for key maternal health behaviors and outcomes. Results Birth planning and the use of key maternal health services improved from baseline to followup. There was a dramatic increase in the proportion of respondents reporting skilled attendance at birth (aOR: 2.18, p = .001). Women also reported significantly fewer complications

Congestion on the freeway is more frequent due to several traffic incidents, namely traffic accidents, debris on the road, vehicle breakdown, and collision with guardrails than any other incidents. These, in turn, affect the operational performance of the freeway by increasing queue length, volume, and density. Consequently, effective freeway management strategies can help to minimize these impacts. The study investigates and summarizes existing studies to identify the reasons for and effects of the traffic incidents. Attention is given to the available solutions of the freeway traffic incidents management. The ultimate goal of this study is to identify the gaps which are not yet addressed to improve the operational effectiveness of the freeway. This study was conducted through a comprehensive literature review of existing refereed publications, established standards, and formal guidelines. Literature was sought through the Transport Research International Documentation (TRID) database, IEEE Transactions database, and google scholar search engine. Research focusing on freeway traffic incidents is a growing concern in transportation operations, as transportation network performance depends on it. Due to the advancement of technology, emerging vehicle technologies like connected vehicles have the potential to address these problems affecting the US transportation system and revolutionize mobility in the future. The study can serve as a reference for the researchers that are involved in freeway traffic operations.

The autonomous vehicles are the future of mobility across the globe and are expected to touch the lives of every person of all ages. But this comes with certain challenges regarding safety, reliability, cost, legal framework, regulations, etc. however, of all the concern safety and reliability are of utmost importance for researchers and engineers. The current research is focused on the movement of the autonomous vehicle in the work zone. The work zone is one of the most challenging areas for the autonomous vehicle to drive from. This is because the work zones are very dynamic, and all the construction activities are specific to the site condition and cannot always be predefined. The study provides a concept of how pavement marking can be used for smooth movement through the complicated work zone. In this study, various pavement marking signs have been designed as a concept considering the standard colors and striping width being used in the Manual of Uniform Traffic control device (MUTCD). The study assumes that the movement of the autonomous vehicle will not be exclusive and that it will move with the driver driven vehicle. It is expected that autonomous vehicles will require special pavement marking and signage for smooth movement through the work zone. These pavement marking and signage will eventually become part of standard Traffic Control Plans (TCP) and Maintenance of Traffic Plans (MOT). The research aims to study the current research being done in this area and technology being used for detecting various pavement markings and signages.

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The main objective of the paper is to study the land use change in the District 5 of Florida mega region to see how land use is changing from year 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2014 & 2015. The study aims to look at the land use change from Agriculture open to development to various land attribute like residential, vacant residential, vacant nonresidential, industrial, institutional, ROW, Agriculture. The land use change study has become an important part of transportation planning initiative. The study uses land use data from university of Florida geo plan center for the year 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2014 & 2015. The data is obtained as raster files which will be converted to vector for each attribute of land use parcels. The comparative analysis of the data considering year 2009 as base year will be used and statistical analysis. The statistical analysis will be used to see if the land use change is significant in comparison to base year. The similar data set will be created to using the ten miles buffer for the interstate and 5 miles buffer for the state highway. The study will help understand the land use change pattern over the year and predict future change.