We wanted to identify risk factors for re-hospitalization of patients with exacerbation and to assess the quality of medical care in outpatient and inpatient settings. Analysis of medical records of patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated in hospitals 2015–2018 years. Risk factors for repeated hospitalizations were identified as male (relative risk 3.49; 95% confidence interval 1.45–8.43; p < 0.05), age over 70 years (p < 0.05), smoking experience ˃40 years (p < 0.05), COPD duration ˃10 years (relative risk 3.48; 95% confidence interval 2.27–5.34; p < 0.05), the presence of three or more comorbid pathologies (relative risk 2.0; 95% confidence interval 1.23–3.4; p < 0.05). Also important is the form of non-compliance with the regime in outpatient conditions and concomitant diseases in the hospital. Most of the factors are unmodifiable, so it is important to optimize treatment and control patient adherence. It is necessary to pay more attention to non-drug treatment methods: maintaining physical activity and quitting smoking. Taking into account the identified shortcomings in the quality of medical care provided to patients, they indicate the need for more active implementation of guidelines on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in real clinical practice.
Aim. Identification of risk factors for readmissions associated with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) followed by evaluation of quality of the medical care in the outpatient and hospital settings.Methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to the multidisciplinary hospitals in Kazan from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018, was.Results. The identified risk factors for readmission were male gender (relative risk (RR) 3.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.45 – 8.43; p < 0.05), age over 70 years (RR 1.21; 95% CI 0.74 – 1.86; p < 0.05), smoking experience more than 40 years (RR 1.6; 95% CI 0.87 – 3.0; p < 0.05), duration of COPD at least 10 years (RR 3.48; 95% CI 2.27 – 5.34; p < 0.05), the presence of three or more concomitant diseases (RR 2.0; 95% CI 1.23 – 3.4; p < 0.05). The most significant reasons for readmissions were nonadherence in the outpatient settings, as well as defects in the therapy that was provided in the hospital and prescribed upon discharge.Conclusion. The identified risk factors are non-modifiable in most cases, so optimizing treatment and monitoring patient adherence are of paramount importance. Also, more attention should be paid to nonpharmacological treatment in the form of maintaining physical activity, early smoking cessation and psychological rehabilitation. The revealed defects of the quality of medical care for patients with severe exacerbations requiring repeated hospitalizations indicate the need to intensify the implementation of the federal clinical guidelines on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the real clinical practice.
Казанский государственный медицинский университет, г. Казань, Россия РефератЦель. Выявление факторов риска повторных госпитализаций, связанных с обострением хронической обструк-тивной болезни лёгких, с последующей идентификацией возможных дефектов качества оказания медицинской помощи пациентам на амбулаторном и госпитальном этапах. Методы. Проведён ретроспективный анализ медицинских карт пациентов с обострением хронической обструк-тивной болезни лёгких, госпитализированных два раза и более в терапевтическое отделение одного из стацио-наров г. Казани в период с 1 января 2015 г. по 30 июня 2016 г. Результаты. Выявлено, что факторы риска повторных госпитализаций -мужской пол (относительный риск 2,29, 95% доверительный интервал 0,78-6,69; р ˂0,05), возраст старше 70 лет (относительный риск 2,069, 95% доверительный интервал 1,01-4,2; р ˂0,05), стаж курения 40 лет и более (относительный риск 5,3, 95% довери-тельный интервал 1,6-17,5; р ˂0,05), продолжительность заболевания более 6 лет (относительный риск 2,4, 95% доверительный интервал 0,98-6,18; р ˂0,05), наличие трёх и более сопутствующих заболеваний, в первую оче-редь сердечно-сосудистых (относительный риск 13,0, 95% доверительный интервал 1,89-90,14; р ˂0,05). Важ-ные причины последующих обострений после выписки из стационара -низкая приверженность пациентов к лечению и дефекты оказания медицинской помощи в стационаре. Вывод. Выявленные дефекты качества оказания медицинской помощи свидетельствуют о необходимости ак-тивизации внедрения положений федеральных клинических рекомендаций по хронической обструктивной бо-лезни лёгких в реальную врачебную практику; в связи со сложностью модификации выявленных факторов ри-ска основные усилия должны быть направлены на оптимизацию лечения с контролем приверженности, а также полноценное использование потенциала немедикаментозного лечения в виде рекомендаций по сохранению фи-зической активности, раннему отказу от курения и реабилитации больных. Ключевые слова: хроническая обструктивная болезнь лёгких, ХОБЛ, повторные госпитализации, факторы риска. Readmissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in actual clinical practice A.F. Yakupova, A.R. Zinnatullina, R.F. Khamitov Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, RussiaAim. Identification of risk factors for readmissions associated with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease followed by identification of possible quality defects in the provision of medical care to patients in the outpatient and hospital stages. Methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted twice or more to the therapeutic department of one of the hospitals of Kazan during the period from January 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016. Results. The risk factors for readmissions were found to be the following: male sex (relative risk 2.29; 95% CI 0.78-6.69; р ˂0.05), age over 70 years (relative risk 2.069; 95% CI 1.01-4.2; р ˂0.05), smoking for more than 40 years (relative risk 5.3; 95% CI 1.6-17.5; р ˂0.05), duration of t...
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