No abstract

A field experiment was conducted during the dry seasons of 2012 and 2013 in Irrigation Research Station, Talata Mafara, Zamfara State, Latitude 12°34ʹ00ʺ N and Longitude 6°04ʹ00ʺ E 488m above sea level in the Sudan savanna agro-ecological zone. The objective of the research was to test the effect to various levels of nitrogen (N) fertilization on rice varieties under irrigation and to determine the rice variety suitable for cultivation. The experiment was laid out in a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) using split plot arrangement and was replicated three times. Three rice varieties (Faro 44, 45 and 57) were allocated to the main plot and three nitrogen levels (60, 120 and 180 kg N ha -1 ) were allocated to the sub plots. The gross and net plot sizes were 5 x 4 and 3 x 3 m respectively. Weeds were controlled using Glyphosate, Butachlor as preemergence and Orizo plus as post-emergence herbicides and supplemented with hand pulling at 9 weeks after sowing (WAS). Fertilizer was applied in two split doses. First half was applied at planting using NPK and the remaining half at 6 weeks after transplanting (WAT) using Urea (46 % N). Data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significant means were separated using DMRT at 5 % level of probability. The results of effect of variety on growth parameters showed that Faro 44 recorded higher days to 50 % anthesis but was significantly (p≤0.05) shorter in height than Faro 57. The effect of the treatment on yield parameters showed that Faro 44 recorded higher thrashing percentage, 1000-grain weight and number of grain panicle -1 significantly (p≤0.05) higher than Faro 45 and 57 in all the seasons. Increasing nitrogen levels from 60 kg N ha -1 significantly increased growth and yield parameters. Application of 180 kg N ha -1 on Faro 44 is hereby recommended for rice growing in the ecological zone.

T HE MAXIMUM requirement of primary nutrients by hybrid maize crop deteriorate the fertility of soil, therefore farm yard manure (FYM) in combination with mineral zinc (Zn) and phosphorus (P) was selected for the increasing crop productivity, rehabilitate and sustain the precious soil. The research was carried out at the farm of the university of Agriculture Peshawar (UAP)during year 2019-20.To investigate the impact of mineral P from di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and Zn from zinc sulphate (ZnSO 4 ) in combination with FYM on maize yield. The experiment was carried out in randomized completed block design (RCND) having eight different combinations of FYM, P and Zn were used excluding control. Spring hybrid variety of maize (CS-200) was used as a test crop. Basal dosage of nitrogen (N) 120 and potassium (K) 60 kg ha -1 were also applied. Physio-chemical properties of soil and concentration of Zn, P and K in maize leaves at silking stage and post harvested stage were measured. The objectives of this study was to determine the impact of FYM, P and (Zn) alone and in combination on yield of maize and soil properties and to gives best combination of organic fertilizers with mineral. From this research it was concluded that the combine application mineral P and Zn with FYM have linearly influenced the thousand grains weight, grain and biological yield of hybrid maize . The combine used of P and FYM @ of 90 kg ha -1 and 10 ton ha -1 shows influential impact on 1000 grains weight and grain yield, respectively. The soil organic matter and total N were significantly (P≤0.05) influenced by FYM applied alone, whereas the uptake of N, P and K by hybrid maize crop was found maximum in the plot where P in combination with FYM was added. Based on results the application of FYM @ 10 t ha -1 applied with 90 kg P ha -1 have the potential to improve maize yield as well as soil fertility and physical condition, also enhance the plant nutrient uptake and yield of hybrid maize, while the concentration of zinc in soil and plant were also greatly affected by the applied treatment. It shows antagonistic effect with P and its concentration become linearly decreased with the increase in P rates, while the maximum Zn concentration was showed by the sole application of zinc fertilizer.

No abstract