In this study, the diet of tadpoles of five anuran species was described. The species were collected from either lotic or lentic environments in Caatinga and the Atlantic Forest biome of northeast Brazil. The diet of these tadpoles consisted of algae, protozoa, plants, fungi and animals. Diatoms were the most important items within the diet of Leptodactylus natalensis. Trachelomonas, diatoms, Phacus and Scenedesmus were the most important items comprising the diet of Leptodactylus cf. macrosternum. Trachelomonas, Oscillatoria and Scenedesmus were the most important items comprising the diet of Pithecophus nordestinus. Diatoms and Scenodesmus were the most important items of the diet for Rhinella jimi. For Scinax x-signatus, diatoms (Atlantic Forest population), Oscillatoria, undetermined filament and pollen (Caatinga population) were the most important items consumed. Scinax x-signatus and L. natalensis from Atlantic Forest, and L. cf. macrosternum and P. nordestinus from Caatinga had diets that were the most similar. The diversity of items found in the diets of species considered may be attributed to mechanisms used by tadpoles to obtain food, which favour the acquisition of suspended materials that are highly available in the environment. We discuss the possible effects of the relationship between algae and tadpoles and the importance of recording larvae diets to better understand the dynamics of the aquatic environment and the trophic ecology of tadpoles.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of hypothermia in the delivery room, at admission, and 2 to 3 hours after admission in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), factors associated and possible relationship with morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with very low birth weight (VLBW). Methods: Cross-sectional study with data collection based on a retrospective review of medical records and including infants born in 2016 and 2017, with birth weights <1500g, and gestational ages <34 weeks. Data about VLBW preterm infants, maternal data and temperature in the delivery room were analyzed. Hypothermia was considered when axillary temperature <36°C. For statistical analysis, the chi-square test or G test, canonical and Spearman correlation, and logistic regression were used. Results: 149 newborns (NB) were included in the study. The prevalence of hypothermia in delivery room, at admission to the NICU and 2 to 3 hours after admission was 25.8%, 41.5% and 40.2%, respectively. The temperature of NBs was directly proportional to gestational age (p<0.010), birth weight (p<0.010), and Apgar score (p<0.050). There was an inverse association with hypothermia in the delivery room and cesarean delivery (OR 0.25; p=0.016). Conclusions: Hypothermia was a prevalent problem in the studied population. The neonatal temperature was directly proportional to gestational age, birth weight and Apgar score. Hypothermia was associated with maternal factors, such as cesarean delivery. It is necessary to implement and improve strategies for its prevention.

Análise de software para o ensino de evolução através de critérios pedagógicos e computacionaisSoftware analysis for evolution teaching through pedagogical and computational criteria

A gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) no Brasil tem evidenciado graves problemas, sendo alvo de muitas críticas. Contudo, poucas iniciativas ou ideias buscando mitigar a problemática têm sido apontadas. O Município de Barra do Mendes, localizado no sertão baiano, apresenta um cenário similar à da maioria dos municípios brasileiros: existe a produção de uma grande quantidade de resíduos e a inexistência de uma gestão eficiente. Para entender melhor a realidade do Município de Barra do Mendes em relação a gestão dos seus resíduos sólidos, realizou-se observações in situ, análise bibliográfica baseada em leis e normas e a aplicação de questionários do tipo autoaplicado. Diversos problemas relacionados ao manejo dos resíduos sólidos puderam ser registrados no município, desde o transporte, despejo, armazenamento e queima de forma inadequada até a localização inapropriada do lixão, circunstâncias que põem em risco a saúde da população e o meio ambiente. Entretanto, verificou-se que pouca atenção vem sendo dada ao assunto no município, bem como existe pouca apropriação por parte dos morados acerca da coleta, transporte e descarte dos resíduos sólidos produzidos. Salienta-se, portanto, que é preciso pensar na questão dos RSU como um caso de saúde pública, que tem como principais entraves a falta de boa vontade política em priorizar a questão e, consequentemente, disponibilizar verbas necessárias para o desenvolvimento de projetos socioambientais direcionados a conscientização dos habitantes e para a criação de um sistema de tratamento adequado para descarte dos resíduos. Assim, esta discussão consiste em uma importante ferramenta para gestão dos RSU no município.

Dendropsophus novaisi (Bokermann,1968) was described from Maracás Municipality, State of Bahia, Brazil. Since its description, the species has been reported for one additional location in the State of Minas Gerais (Pedra Azul - Gomes & Peixoto 1996; Peixoto & Pimenta 2004) and five additional locations in Bahia (Boa Nova, Jequié, Jeremoabo, Camacan and Pau Brasil - Gomes & Peixoto 1996; Santos-Silva et al. 2012; Silva et al. 2013; Dias et al. 2014). However, information is still scarce about reproductive, ecological and acoustic characteristics of this treefrog. Here, we describe the advertisement call of D. novaisi and provide the geographic record of a new population.