Studies on post-translational modifications (PTMs) have grabbed attention of the scientific community worldwide, its role in pathogenesis of cancer and prognostic biomarkers associated with cancers. However, unraveling the specific role of PTMs in carcinogenesis or in predictive biomarkers requires holistic understanding of the cancer types and associated mechanisms. Manifestation of cancer is complex and involves multiple steps including modifications at the levels of genes, associated proteins and signaling pathways. Biomarkers, as a prognostic marker, are critical in deciding efficacy of the clinical outcomes in malignancies. Growing evidence suggests that several biomarkers that are post-translationally modified play important role in human cancers. In the current review, few of such biomarkers and targets that are post-translationally modified and are associated with carcinogenesis are collated and analyzed to provide a bird's eye view of their role in cancer types. Such analysis will help in understanding the pathogenesis and the precise role of biomarkers in designing better therapeutic interventions for different cancer types. METHODS The writing of this review involved a comprehensive search of original articles and reviews published on the subject of post translational modifications. Free search engine PubMed was used to conduct the online search. Sorting option 'Best Match' of PubMed was used to conduct the more relevant search.Various expressions were used to find relevant references for example, "post translational modifications in cancer", "acetylation in cancer and post translational modifications", "methylation in cancer and post translational modifications", "biomarkers in cancer" etc. Some other expressions were used to conduct a more specific search to complement the findings in the articles retrieved with the more general search criteria for example, "checkpoint kinase 1 in cancer", "candidate tumor suppressor BTG3" etc. Further, some articles were also found through reading of previous reviews on similar subjects including the ones by Karve and Cheema [1], and Han et al, [2].Articles clearly related to the theme of this review and those that matched the search criteria were selected according to their year of publication (only articles published after