No abstract

Solid fuel from the briquetting of ulin wood and gelam wood residue was investigated in this work. The effect of compaction pressure (10, 12, and 15 MPa), and briquette formulation were investigated. The ulin wood and gelam wood were blended in the mixing ratios of 100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70, and 0:100, respectively. The size of the particle was fixed of 50 µm. The ulin wood and gelam wood were carbonized under fixed temperature (500 o C), and time (120 min). The gelatinized binder (cassava starch) was 20% of the total briquettes weight. The densification was carried out using the briquetting machine (pistonpress type) laboratory scale. The compaction pressure briquette had a significant effect on some characteristics of briquette (ash content, moisture content, volatile matter, bulk density, and combustion rate). An increasing in compaction pressure briquettes resulted in low ash content, moisture content, and volatile matter but the reverse is the case for bulk density. However, the mixing ratio slightly affected. High combustion rate (3.18 g/min) achieved at low compaction pressure (10 MPa).

Fossil fuel energy is getting thinner every year, which raises concerns in the society over the energy crisis. For this reason, there is a need for innovations, namely better alternative energy. Alternative energy that can be utilized is wood waste from alaban wood and rice husk waste. This study aims to determine the characteristics of briquettes and combustion from a mixture of alaban wood charcoal waste and rice husk. This study uses variations in particle size of 40, 50, 60 mesh and a mixture of 70%:30%, 50%:50%, 30%:70% wood charcoal waste and rice husk. In this study, the best briquette characteristics were obtained in the composition briquettes of 70%:30% alaban wood charcoal waste and 60 mesh particle size rice husks with heating value 5749.99 cal/g, water content 2.37%, ash content 4.79% volatile matter 51.69% and carbon content 41.21%. The results of the research showed the characteristics of combustion. The composition of briquettes that have alaban wood charcoal waste affects the duration of ignition, prolongs flaring, lowers the rate of combustion, and increases the temperature of the briquette. The larger particle size affects the speed of ignition, accelerates combustion, accelerates the rate of combustion, and lowers the temperature of the briquette.

One of the engineering materials is Composite. Composite is a material formed from a combination of two or more matrials that have stronger mechanical properties than the. The composite consists of two parts: a matrix as a binder or a composite protector and a filler as a composite filler. Natural fibers are an alternative filler, and the corn husk fiber (Zea Mays) is one of the many natural fibers grown in the Tanah Laut area of South Kalimantan.From the result of the research, the effect of volume fraction on the composite has the fiber skin fiber which has the highest strength for the impact price that is on the fiber with the volume fraction of 1% 99% fiber polyester corn fiber fiber which has the impact price of 0.0338 joule / mm2. In the highest strength bending test that is on the composite with a fraction of fiber volume of 3% that has a bending power of 3,5775MPa. And in composite tensile test, volume fraction 4% fiber 96% polyester and 5% fiber 95% polyrster have the same value of highest strength that is tensile pull of 1,7991 MPa.

Abstrak, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi campuran oli bekas dan biosolar terhadap karakteristik uji pembakaran droplet. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan meneteskas bahan bakar pada ujung thermocouple sampai membentuk droplet dengan volume 0.1 mm, kemudian mendekatkan heater pada droplet sampai membentuk api. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari campuran oli bekas dan biosolar terdapap nilai flash point, ignition delay time, burning rate dan tinggi api maksimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan variasi campuran oli bekas 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% dan 50%. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa nilai flash point meningkat seiring bertambahnya persentase oli bekas yang dipengaruhi oleh nilai viskositas, densitas dan volatility dari tiap variasi campuran bahan bakar. Nilai ignition delay time meningkat seiring bertambahnya persentase oli bekas yang dipengaruhi oleh nilai viskositas, densitas dan volatility dari tiap variasi campuran bahan bakar. Nilai burning rate menurun seiring bertambahnya campuran oli bekas yang dipengaruhi oleh nilai viskositas, densitas dan volatility dari tiap variasi campuran bahan bakar. Nilai tinggi api maksimal yang bisa dicapai menurun seiring bertambahnya variasi campuran oli bekas ini dipengaruhi oleh nilai viskositas, densitas dan volatility dan tiap variasi campuran bahan bakar. Kata kunci: Oli Bekas, Droplet