The purpose of this study was to clarify the education received by young top athletes in their youth, by holding interviews with the parents who brought them up. The semi-structured interviews had thirteen points in common, for example; the aim of special sports was a pleasure in a happy home and parents were absorbed in supporting their children. These results suggested it is important for the parents to give their children environments to form abilities of communication and idea circulation through sports.

The purpose of this study was to identify the sport events-for example games, representative trials, and official events for recording official times-that were discontinued and postponed due to Great East Japan earthquake. To achieve this purpose, we gathered information from articles and homepages of sports associations regarding damaged stadiums and training grounds. As a result, we found that there were big influences on women's professional golf, soccer, baseball, figure skating, volleyball, marathon, basketball, horse racing, cycle races, and motorboat races. These results suggested that there were a lot of negative influences on sports promotions caused by cancellation of TV broadcasts, and on fund raising caused by decrease of income from sponsors, ticket sales, and broadcasting rights. We hope that this study's results will help in the recovery from the large-scale earthquake disaster.

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The purpose of this study was to consider the problem of rubber baseball in each administrative division, and to suggest the direction of developments in the future. In regard to rubber-ball baseball in the area of Tochigi and Gifu, which does not have a large city, results were obtained which had sufficient balance among six indices. It is suggested that it is necessary to introduce a system that collects fees based on an individual registration system in order to strengthen the financial ground of the sport.

Background: Research on the effects of disaster-relief by professional athletes has yet to be conducted. Methods:We investigated the impact of continuous sports lessons, by professional athletes, on the mental and physical health of the participants and the athletes. The participants were high school students of Soma High School. Lessons started in June 2011; as of August 2012, seven lessons have been held. During the four lessons between September and December 2011, we collected qualitative and quantitative data by recording each student's event records and distributing a free response questionnaire to students and athletes. Results: Participants included 45 students and 16 athletes. All the students established new event records. Numerical evaluation by students on perceived physical competence, selfefficacy, and perception of organizational changes failed to show any significant changes, while subjective evaluation by students identified three important categories: "emotional response", "motivation", and "content of instruction". Both students and athletes developed their interpersonal relationships from distant to close, and perceived enhancements in their psychological state during study periods. Conclusions: A trusting relationship was established between students and athletes through continuous sports lessons held in disaster stricken regions, contributing to fruitful outcomes for both students and athletes.