Background: Few studies have examined individual transitions in smoking status in national populations. Methods: A representative sample of 21,970 men and women aged 15-64 were questioned regarding current smoking status and smoking status of 12 months ago. Results: 1.6% of respondents had started to smoke and 1.6% had quit smoking. Becoming a smoker was significantly associated with younger age and lower social economic status (SES). Among women, many new smokers were between the age of 30 and 34, presumably due to relapse after pregnancy. High SES smokers quit at a younger age than lower SES groups. Conclusion: To reduce smoking prevalence in the Netherlands, more attention should be given to women aged 30-34 years and to people from the lower SES groups, especially those under the age of 45. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 18, No 1 (June) 2022: 90-93

Introduction: Coronary heart diseases (CHDs) are one of the leading killers in our country. Both smoking and smokeless tobacco (SLT) are major risk factors for CHDs. Bangladesh is one of the top-ranked countries in the world regarding SLT users. Objectives: To determine the relation between smokeless tobacco uses and CHDs. Materials and Methods: This case-control observational study was conducted at the outpatientdepartment of Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka and National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Hospital from July 2017 to June 2018 among selected 62 adultcoronary heart diseasepatients (Cases) and 62 age and sex-matched non-CHDs patients (Controls). Results: In Cases; 61.3% of respondents were male and mean age was 51.56 + 11.46 years. In Controls; 56.5 % respondents were male and mean age was 48.15 ± 12.53 years. Among the CHDs cases 19 (30.6%) was SLT users but in non-CHD cases it was only 10(16.1%) and this difference was not statistically significant. All the SLT users in CHDs Controlswere longduration users and majority uses Gul or Jorda. Conclusion: Number of SLT users was more in CHDs Cases than non-CHD Controls but this difference was not statistically significant. Further studies with more sample size are recommended to find the relation between SLT users and CHDS. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 106-108

not available JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 1 (June) 2020: 1-2

Background: Readymade Garment (RMG) was the key source of earning foreign currencies and had been playing a vital role in creating employment opportunity for the rural marginal people since long. This study explored the work related quality of life of female garment workers. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted during July 2016 to June 2017 and data were collected from 400 female garment workers through face to face interview by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: The average age of the garment workers was 23.09 years. Most (86%) of the workers had some level of education and only 14% had no formal education. The workers’ minimum and maximum monthly income was BDT 8500 and BDT 33500 respectively. Most of them agreed that they had good infrastructure, sanitation and safety facilities in the work place. All the workers (100%) were satisfied with job facilities and majority (72%) had a clear understanding about goals and aims to do their job at workplace. The workers also had positive impression about the issues related to job satisfaction and working condition. The study also discussed about the sexual issues. 6%, 7% and 9% of the female workers agreed respectively that they were sexually abused in the job, by the co-workers and by the supervisors. Most of the workers agreed to the statement that this job helped them to maintain a good quality of life and they were more respected in the family and society. Educational status, monthly income, infrastructure, sanitation and health safety facilities were statistically significant with the work related quality of life (p = <0.05). Conclusion: The study recommended improving workplace health facilities, needing based health care services, effective safety measures, providing periodic training programs, long term work provision and incentives for good work and opportunity for promotion. TAJ 2018; 31(2): 27-34

Readymade Garment (RMG) was the key source of earning foreign currencies and had been playing a vital role in creating employment opportunity for the rural marginal people since long. This study explored the work related quality of life of female garment workers. This cross sectional study was conducted during July 2016 to June 2017 and data were collected from 400 female garment workers through face to face interview by using a semi-structured questionnaire. The average age of the garment workers was 23.09 years. Most (86%) of the workers had some level of education and only 14% had no formal education. The workers ' minimum and maximum monthly income was BDT-8500 and BDT-33500 respectively. Most of them agreed that they had good infrastructure, sanitation and safety facilities in the work place. All the workers (100%) were satisfied with job facilities and majority (72%) had a clear understanding about goals and aims to do their job at workplace. The workers also had positive impression about the issues related to job satisfaction and working condition. The study also discussed about the sexual issues. 6%, 7% and 9% of the female workers agreed respectively that they were sexually abused in the job, by the co-workers and by the supervisors. Most of the workers agreed to the statement that this job helped them to maintain a good quality of life and they were more respected in the family and society. Educational status, monthly income, infrastructure, sanitation and health safety facilities were statistically significant with the work related quality of life (p = <0.05). The study recommended improving workplace health facilities, needing based health care services, effective safery measures, providing periodic training programs, long term work provision and incentives for good work and opportunity for promotion.