In recent years, there were a variety of difficulti es that users have to face in searching for information through Internet. Past research had shown that in performing searches, users use query terms that consist of "everyday language, technical terms (with or without knowledge of underlying concepts) and various explanatory model, all influenced by psychosocial and cultural variations. Semantically annotated documents provide several advantages. One advantage is document specific representations no longer affect the search. This is extremely important in the case of multilingual representations. Keywords of several languages are mapped to the same concept in an ontology and are therefore given the same meaning. Multili ngual search portal can be established to produce the same results, no matter which language is used for retrieval. This res earch aim to identify and analyze ontology that relates to Islam to enhance the use of exact vocabularies and to develop an ontology based Islamic semantic retrieval that can retrieve Islamic web in 3 different languages simultaneously through a multilingual search portal. This research emphasizes on semantic web technologies and the development of ontology using thesaurus such as Library Congress Subject Heading and other reference sources such as Index Islamicus, thesaurus, encyclopaedia, biographies etc. as the basis for implementing novel mechanism for retrieving Islamic web in 3 diffe rent languages simultaneously. In this research, existing knowledge sources such as documents, reports, etc. are mapped into the domain ontology and semantically enriched. This semantically enriched information enables better knowledge indexing and searching process and implicitly a better management of knowledge.

A search for experts is a search for individuals with skills and knowledge in a particular field. Early studies studied profiling of experts in the expert search application by using keyword query. Kajian lampau mengkaji penggunaan profil pakar dalam aplikasi pencarian pakar mengguna kata kunci sebagai kueri. Penggunaan kueri berasaskan konsep yang diketengah mampu mendapat padanan pakar atau kepakaran yang berkaitan dengan bidang yang dicari. Sistem pencarian pakar kini hanya melakukan carian berdasarkan maklumat penerbitan pakar sahaja lantas menyebab tidak ada hubungan dengan maklumat lain yang boleh menjadi sumber sokongan bagi menghubung kepada bidang yang berkaitan. Kaedah pencarian pakar berdasarkan maklumat penerbitan mengecil skop carian pakar kerana terdapat aspek lain yang berkaitan dengan pakar seperti pendidikan, pengajaran, penyeliaan, perundingan, persidangan, khidmat masyarakat, kelayakan dan badan

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Systems that help to find answers to suitable experts have received the attention of many researchers. Pioneer researchers on the development of search system for experts emphasized the importance of a search system that required returning a list prioritizing the names of individuals. Among the issues raised related to locating experts are, the critical problem of maintaining up-todate information in the expert database and the inadequacy in expert finding systems in returning search results that are expected to account for not only the list of the names of the experts, but any information related to the experts and those involved with them. In the last decade, researchers have examined the search for experts from various research perspectives such as expert tracking system and construction of expert profiles involving ontology. This paper aims to describe a new approach in designing a framework for the construction of ontology that will be used in the directory of ICT experts. The researchers propose to incorporate thesaurus in their construction of ontology on ICT experts by providing a profile of the experts including their social profile and whatever concerns that may be associated with the expert. The researchers constructed the ontology on ICT experts by extracting information from sources such as their resumes and personal web sites to obtain the index glossary of words that characterized experts to be used in the directory of experts system. In this study, the standards contained in the Performance Evaluation System of the National University of Malaysia are used to extract information on the academicians in the Faculty of Information Science and Technology. The researchers employed the index glossary, metadata of experts and integrate appropriate taxonomy, thesaurus and classification schemes; such as Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) taxonomy, web classification schemes such as Standard Industrial Classification (SIC), North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) to enrich the ontology of ICT expertise. The proposed framework aims at helping users find information on the expert they require and at the same time obtain other information related to the experts from various perspectives encompassing research, consultancy, links with research partners, other interest related to a particular field and other resources. With a semantically driven directory of ICT experts, matters related to ICT can be referred to the right experts. The framework will be validated by developing the directory of ICT experts prototype and by involving domain experts to evaluate the content of the ontology constructed. In addition, the researchers will evaluate the search results of users who will use the prototype to search for ICT experts.