A framework for building multilingual ontologies for Islamic portal

Abstract

In recent years, there were a variety of difficulti es that users have to face in searching for information through Internet. Past research had shown that in performing searches, users use query terms that consist of "everyday language, technical terms (with or without knowledge of underlying concepts) and various explanatory model, all influenced by psychosocial and cultural variations. Semantically annotated documents provide several advantages. One advantage is document specific representations no longer affect the search. This is extremely important in the case of multilingual representations. Keywords of several languages are mapped to the same concept in an ontology and are therefore given the same meaning. Multili ngual search portal can be established to produce the same results, no matter which language is used for retrieval. This res earch aim to identify and analyze ontology that relates to Islam to enhance the use of exact vocabularies and to develop an ontology based Islamic semantic retrieval that can retrieve Islamic web in 3 different languages simultaneously through a multilingual search portal. This research emphasizes on semantic web technologies and the development of ontology using thesaurus such as Library Congress Subject Heading and other reference sources such as Index Islamicus, thesaurus, encyclopaedia, biographies etc. as the basis for implementing novel mechanism for retrieving Islamic web in 3 diffe rent languages simultaneously. In this research, existing knowledge sources such as documents, reports, etc. are mapped into the domain ontology and semantically enriched. This semantically enriched information enables better knowledge indexing and searching process and implicitly a better management of knowledge.

Relevance status value model of Index Islamicus on Islamic History and Civilizations

“…To comply with this requirement for a better relevance ranking, a database or IRS should contain highly specific index terms (Ismail et al, 2000) or thesaurus (Feldvari, 2005;Sato, 2007). However, Index Islamicus is one of the oldest databases which started in 1958 covering the publications from 1906 and uses some controlled index terms in Islamic domain through ProQuest after the Library of Congress Subject Heading (LCSH) (Salim et al, 2010). The ranking mechanism of retrieved result of this database works in two ways:…”

“…Through all the reviews, it is perceived that the IRS is important in aspects of storing information and documents as well as retrieving precise results. But no evaluation method was found to have been generated on any Islamic database's performance on retrieving Islamic works and publications like what was done on Microsoft office applications by Chatvichienchai and Tanaka (2009) to solve high recall and low precision problem in finding office document in large databases; experiments of Abdulahhad et al (2011Abdulahhad et al ( , 2012aAbdulahhad et al ( , 2012b by RSV method on a medical database which contains medical images through documents; examining match between assigned descriptors and medical theses by Ansari (2005) and Dinh's et al (2013) research on effectiveness on biomedical indexing and retrieval based terminologies as well as researches on Index Islamicus like Kopycki (2003), Anwar (2001) and Salim et al (2010). There were few researches done on Index Islamicus but they were not specifically on the same objectives as this research that has been aimed to measure RSV or assessment of ranking mechanism.…”

“…The most widely used vocabulary controlled tools for Islamic History (or generally for Islam itself), is the LCSH. For further reference on Islamic ontology, besides LCSH, researchers usually also refer to Index Islamicus's thesaurus (Salim et al, 2010). Therefore, the research combines LCSH and Index Islamicus's general thesaurus to generate queries for RSV evaluation.…”

Arabic Semantic Web Applications – A Survey

“…The research [40] on the other hand, depicts a conceptual graph as a wider Ontology for the Holy Quran as a whole. The authors of [41] concern a multilingual Ontology for Islamic portal. We will discuss these articles in detail later at the section of the Islamic Knowledge.…”

“…In Malaysia 2010, Juhana Salim et al treated the issue of Islamic multilingual Ontologies at [41]. Their research aimed to identify a Semantic Retrieval system to retrieve Islamic Knowledge in the three languages: Malay, English, and Arabic.…”