Suranto, Syahidah AT, Mahadjoeno E. 2018. Variation of morphology, anatomy and nutrition contents of local cultivar mentik rice based on the altitudes at Ngawi District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 602-609. The purposes of this research were to examine the variation in morphology, anatomy and nutrition contents of rice plants grown at three different altitudes at Ngawi District, East Java. The plant samples were collected from three different altitudes (200, 500 and 900m asl respectively). The morphological characters of leaf, root and stem were used in this examination, while Paraffin method was employed to look at the anatomical appearances. To look at the content of lipids and proteins, Soxhlet and Kjeldahl methods were used, while the Iodocolorymetre method was chosen to test the amylose content. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with one factor, namely altitude was used in this research. Morphological and anatomical characters and nutrition contents of rice plant were analyzed using one way of ANOVA. The results showed that the length and diameter of roots, plant height and also stem diameter were declining due to a higher altitude. On the other hand, the length of leaf, the number of roots, the total number of stomata and also the ratio of length per diameter of stomata increased, and so did the number of aerenchyma space roots and stems. In general, there was a tendency of decreasing amylose and protein contents due to higher altitudes.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a main crop agriculture in Indonesia. Biogas sludge is the residue of cattle during processing in the biogas that has lost its gas and rich with macro elements -N, P and K as well as micro elements such as Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn. Biogas sludge has not been well utilized by the citizens. This study examined the productivity of rice cultivars Segreng to biogas sludge application on field. The objective of this research was to find the best dose of sludge and to study the productivity of rice cultivars Segreng after sludge application on crop field. Research was conducted in 100 m 2 of field. The biogas sludge concentration used in this research was 5 variations;(1) 0 ml, (2) 1000 ml, (3) 2000 ml, (4) 3000 ml, dan (5) 4000 ml. The planting system used is TAJARWO. The productivity parameter measured were Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA), dry weight, number of grain per plant and grain weight. Environment parameters were temperature, pH, humidity and light intensity. The data was analyzed with ANOVA and followed by DMRT at significant level of 5%. The results revealed that the highest rice productivity was seen in treatment 2000 ml sludge/100m 2 with 31 gr of dry weight, 483 number of grains per plant and 30.000 kg/100m 2 of grain weight. The best sludge dose present on 2000 ml/100m 2 .

Wukirsari Village, Cangkringan District is belong to Merapi Mountain's slopes which located between the Gendol River and Yellow River. Nowadays, we faced the problem of anorganic fertilizer overused such as Urea, ZA, TSP/SP-36 and KCl in agriculture land. The effort to return the soil organic compound can be done by added some organic compounds or microbial bio -organic fertilizer. Sludge is fermented biodigester yield and it has lost its gas. The aim of this research was to understand the physiological response and optimum dose of biogas as planting medium to 'Segreng' Rice planted in the rice field of Wukirsari Village, Cangkringan District, Sleman Regency. This research was done on greenhouse scale and rice field scale. The treatment given on 0; 1; 1,5; 2 and 2,5 liters per 100 m 2 of rice field areas, and given on 0; 4; 8; 12; and 24 ml per 5 kg soil on polybags. Data were taken in three repetitions. The vegetative growth parameters included plant height, number of leaves, number of seedlings and chlorophyll content, while generative growth parameters measured included NRA levels, dried biomass including crown/stem, roots, filled grains, empty grains, and total weight and number of filled grains, empty rains, and the number of panicles. The result were tested with ONE WAY ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with SPSS version 19 for Windows and followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test with 95% significance level (α = 0.05). Generally, the result showed that biogas sludge can increase the vegetative and generative growth of rice plant 'Segreng' on polybag scale and rice field scale. The rice plant on polybag with 4 ml biogas sludge was significantly different on the vegetative growth and chlorophyll content, while the rice plant on polybag with 8 ml biogas sludge was significantly different on the generative growth and NRA levels.