The aim of the research is to study the parameters of tolerance and adherence to antihypertensive therapy in patients with arterial hypertension and comorbidity in real clinical practice. Material and methods. The study included 138 adult patients (29% of men and 71% of women) with arterial hypertension and comorbidity receiving therapy in the cardiology department. The average age of the patients was 64.3 ± 12 years. Results. The mean Charlson index in our study was 3.97 ± 2.0 points (3.75 ± 2.3 points for men and 4 ± 1.9 points for women). Treatment adherence was low in 40% of men and 24.5% of women. The lowest rates of adherence were found to medical follow-up (85% in men and 83.6% in women) and lifestyle modifications (80% in men and 77.5% in women), the highest rates of adherence were to drug therapy (20 % for men and 18.4% for women). Significant correlations were found for all adherence categories with age and the number of drugs taken.Conclusion. Adherence to treatment in almost a third of the patients we surveyed was low. The lowest rates of adherence were found to medical support and lifestyle modifications, the highest were found to drug therapy. The factors influencing adherence, efficacy and tolerability of treatment includes age and the number of drugs taken.

The purpose of the research is to study the structure and severity of comorbid pathology in hospitalized patients with arterial hypertension. Material and methods. The study included 140 adult patients (29% men and 71% women) with arterial hypertension and comorbidity receiving therapy in the cardiology department. The average age of the patients was 64.3 ± 12.0 years. The Charlson index was used to assess comorbidity. Results. The average Charlson index in our study was 3.97 ± 2.0 points. Moderate and severe comorbidity was observed in 77.6% of patients with arterial hypertension. When analyzing the frequency of concomitant pathology, one disease was detected in 7% of the examined, two in 28%, three in 14%, four in 23%, five or more in 28%. The structure of concomitant pathology is represented mainly by chronic cerebral ischemia (26.3%), rhythm and conduction disturbances (20%), diseases of the bronchopulmonary (14.8%) and digestive (12.7%) systems. Analysis of risk factors for comorbidity revealed heredity aggravated by cardiovascular diseases in 33.3% of patients with arterial hypertension, smoking in 7.3%, overweight in 27%, obesity in 62%, and abdominal obesity in 87%. Obesity was not diagnosed in all men and 85.4% of women, which indicates that this risk factor for comorbidity was not taken into account. Conclusion. The introduction into the practice of managing patients with arterial hypertension and comorbidity of scoring the presence of concomitant diseases by calculating the Charlson comorbidity index will increase the accuracy of assessing the prediction of their ten-year survival. Identifying and correcting the main risk factors for comorbidity and concomitant pathology in patients with arterial hypertension can reduce disability and mortality.

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Clinical observation about the rehabilitation of a patient with chronic bronchitis using respiratory simulators is presented. The place of different methods of pulmonary rehabilitation in the tactics of managing patients with chronic respiratory diseases based on the modern scientific data on the etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases has been determined.

The aim is to assess the incidence rate of arterial hypertension (AH) and high normal arterial pressure (HNAP) in students of the Medical Faculty at the Kabardino-Balkarian State University as well as the relationship between arterial pressure (AP) and behavioral and biological risk factors (RF) of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) to substantiate the need for preventive measures