No abstract

Background Foodborne diseases non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the main reason of death, accounting for 38 million (68%) of the 56 million premature deaths worldwide in 2012. Lower-middle and middle-income countries accounted for nearly three-quarters of all NCD fatalities (28 million), as well as the bulk of illness and premature death (82%). An excessive consumption of added sugar is source of worry for its link to unhealthy nutrition quality, overweight, and the risk of NCDs among adolescents. A further source of worry is the link among free sugar consumption and tooth cavities in young adults. Dental infections are the most common NCDs worldwide in young adults, and despite significant advances in management and cure in recent decades, issues remain, resulting in pain, anxiety, functional limitations (which include failing school grades and attendance in children), and social severe disability due to missing teeth. Objectives The purpose of this report is to give suggestions on how to consume added sugar in order to mitigate the possibility of NCDs in children and young adults, with an emphasis on the care and mitigation of obesity and metabolic syndrome and tooth decay among young adults. Methods and materials The Keywords like adolescent, Health, Dental Caries, Obesity, Sugar Intake, Recommendation have been used to evaluate the standard of evidence discovered via current systematic reviews of the scientific literature relating to significance of sugar intake consumption and its effect in young adults. Results The relevant data from prospective studies was judged to be of good quality, but data from nationwide population-based studies was judged to be of extremely low quality. Free sweeteners should be used in moderation during one’s life, according to the World Health Organization (strong recommendation 1). WHO advises limiting natural sugar consumption to very little about 10% of total calorie intake among both grownups and children 2 (strong recommendation). Conclusions There is a significant association of prevalence of tooth decay, obesity due to sugar consumption at an alarming rate hence regulators as well as curriculum developers can utilize the recommendation reviewed by us to compare current free sugar intake levels in their nations to a benchmark. They may also be used to design ways to reduce free sugar consumption through a wide variety of social health initiatives, if required.

Background: Elimination of periodontal pathogen is the main aim of during a periodontal therapy, and scaling root planning is the gold standard. Use of antibiotic for long duration is not advisable due to increased bacterial resistance. Thus adjunctive therapy comes into importance for maintaining good oral flora. Use of probiotic has shown improvement of microbial flora of the gut thus helping to maintain a healthy living. Studies and research on the effect of probiotic on oral microflora will ensure future of periodontal therapy. Aim: To assess the clinical efficacy of probiotics in periodontal health. Material and Methods: A literature survey was conducted by collecting research studies using keywords like "Probiotics, periodontal health, application" using search engines like google search, pubmed. Result: Supporting studies were selected which shows that probiotic is a beneficial formula for improving oral health Conclusion: Earlier work has proved that when probiotics used in a certain amount helps in improving the oral flora which proves to be a promising tool in the treatment of periodontal diseases.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the Total Antioxidant level in saliva of caries patients with and without smoking habit. Methods: A total of 80 individuals were included in the study. Unstimulated saliva was colleced. Samples of smoking and non smoking caries patients showing only Streptococcus mutans growth were analysed for Total Antioxidant level and smokers and nonsmokeres without any caries were considered as control groups. Caries isolates were confirmed as Streptococcus mutans by grams staining and biochemical tests. Total Antioxidant level was determined by spectrophotometric method. Result: Non smokers with caries showed significantly(P <0.0001) higher TAC level to Smokers with caries. Smokers without caries showed significantly (P=0.0005)lower level of antioxidants than nonsmokers without caries. Conclusion: This invasive study shows that smoke adversely effects the Total Antioxidant Level in caries patients.

Nutrition plays an important role in oral health as it affects the growth of craniofacial, dental and periodontal structures. When adequate food is not unavailable, oral health may be impaired, and even overexposure to the diet may also inversely affect. Therefore, there is interdependency between nutrition and oral health. The importance of Micronutrients in normal function is becoming increasingly apparent and insufficient micronutrient intake has both short term and long-term consequences. Micronutrient assessment of suspected individual and appropriate supplement therapy may assist in dental disease prevention.