Background Clinical disease registries are useful for quality improvement in care, benchmarking standards, and facilitating research. Collaborative networks established thence can enhance national and international studies by generating more robust samples and credible data and promote knowledge sharing and capacity building. This report describes the methodology, baseline data, and prospects of the Nigeria Parkinson Disease Registry. Methods This national registry was established in November 2016. Ethics approval was obtained for all sites. Basic anonymized data for consecutive cases fulfilling the United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Brain Bank criteria (except the exclusion criterion of affected family members) are registered by participating neurologists via a secure registry website (http://www.parkinsonnigeria.com) using a minimal common data capture format. Results The registry had captured 578 participants from 5 of 6 geopolitical zones in Nigeria by July 2019 (72.5% men). Mean age at onset was 60.3 ± 10.7 years; median disease duration (interquartile range) was 36 months (18–60.5 months). Young‐onset disease (<50 years) represented 15.2%. A family history was documented in 4.5% and 7.8% with age at onset <50 and ≥ 50, respectively. The most frequent initial symptom was tremor (45.3%). At inclusion, 93.4% were on treatment (54.5% on levodopa monotherapy). Per‐capita direct cost for the registry was $3.37. Conclusions This is the first published national Parkinson's disease registry in sub‐Saharan Africa. The registry will serve as a platform for development of multipronged evidence‐based policies and initiatives to improve quality of care of Parkinson's disease and research engagement in Nigeria. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

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Vermal cerebellar haemorrhage is bleeding affecting the midline region of the cerebellum. It is uncommon, accounting for 5-13% of all intracerebral haemorrhages. It is a grave condition with a high mortality. The diagnosis must be made early, if not, most patients would die within 48 hours. A 70-year-old lady presented to the accident and emergency department with a six hours history of sudden onset generalized tonic-clonic seizures following activity and loss of consciousness. She was unconscious with a Glasgow coma score of 3/15 with neck stiffness, generalized hypotonia and globally diminished reflexes. Her blood pressure was 240/120 mmHg with a mean arterial pressure of 160 mmHg. The brain computerized tomographic scan showed a hyperdense area in the cerebellar vermis with extension to both hemispheres and fourth ventricle. Consciousness was regained after three weeks of conservative management following which she became extremely restless and noticed to have developed titubations with nystagmus of both eyes. She also developed intention tremors, scanning dysarthria, generalized hypotonia, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia and intentional bilateral tremors. Her recovery was slow and gradual. Once she was able to stand with support, she was noticed to have florid truncal ataxia, lower limbs ataxia, and titubations.

A 40-year-old female patient with diabetes of 12 years' duration, with poor drug compliance, presented with a 4-month history of rapid progressive weight loss, burning sensations in the feet, abdominal swelling, and constipation with occasional episodes of epigastric pain. On examination, she was chronically ill-looking with a body mass index of 17.1 kg/m2, grossly distended abdomen (initially mistaken for gravid abdomen). Blood pressure measurements in the supine and standing positions were 200/130 mmHg and 180/100 mmHg, respectively. Neurological examination revealed stocking-pattern loss of pain, temperature, and light touch modalities. Vibration sensation was impaired up to the malleoli bilaterally, with impairment of joint position sense of both big toes. Random blood sugar level was 16.4 mmol/L; glycosylated haemoglobin was 13.2% with a haematocrit of 33.0%. Renal indices, uric acid, liver function tests and fasting lipid profile were all within normal limits. An abdominal ultrasound scan showed distended bowel loops. The vibration perception threshold average using biothesiometry was 27.3 mV.

Objective: To review the risk factors of HIV distal symmetrical polyneuropathy. Methods: A MEDLINE search of the English-language literature using a combination of words (HIV, neuropathy, risk factors) was used to identify original studies, consensus statements, and reviews published in the last 20 years. Results: The various risk factors for HIV-distal symmetrical polyneuropathy. Conclusion: Some of these risk factors are amenable to treatment. Identification of these can go a long way in preventing or delaying the onset of DSPN in these patients thus improving their quality of life.