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Considerable attention has been given by anthropologists, including ethnohistorians, to the impact of domesticated horse use on aboriginal societies in western North America. The spatial and temporal distribution of horses, as well as variation in herd size, has traditionally been explained within a cultural diffusionist or historical particularist paradigm. It is argued here that not only has such an approach failed to account for the distribution and abundance of horses, but it also has proven to be an unproductive research strategy. An ecologically based explanatory model is presented that accounts for 65% of the observed variability in aboriginal horse herd size(s). An explanation of variability in horse numbers and horse‐to‐person ratios is essential if anthropologists seek to better understand equestrian adaptations. [equestrian adaptations, horse ecology, Plains‐Basin‐Plateau ethnology]

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Global biosecurity and food security begin on the farmBiosecurity is a set of management and physical measures designed to reduce the risk of the introduction of pathogenic agents into an aquatic animal population and the risk that these pathogens will become established and will spread within and from that population (1). Furthermore, a comprehensive biosecurity programme will also assist in detecting the emergence of new or previously unrecognised pathogens within culture systems. Ultimately, the goal of biosecurity is to minimise the likelihood and consequences of disease, thus increasing farm productivity and food security.The principles of biosecurity can be applied at the establishment, sub-national, national and international levels. The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) seeks to enable global biosecurity through the provision of guidelines for the application of biosecurity at the country, zone and compartment levels. In addition, there are proposed new guidelines for aquaculture establishment biosecurity, which will be a new chapter in the OIE Aquatic Animal Health Code (Aquatic Code), subject to revision and