Objective: to analyze the epidemiological evolution of COVID-19 in Brazil correlating to the current world scenario. Methodology: this is an analytical and documentary epidemiological study with a quantitative and descriptive approach of secondary data from COVID-19 of the Special Epidemiological Bulletin number 15 of the Ministry of Health of Brazil on the epidemiological situation until May 8, 2020. Results: the United States leads in number of confirmed cases 1,318,787 (33%) and deaths 78,503 (28%) in the world. Brazil, occupies the 8th place with 145,328 (4%) of the confirmed cases of COVID-19, its lethality is 6.8% and mortality is 46.6 per 1,000,000 inhabitants. In 2020, 107,895 hospitalizations for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome were registered in Brazil, of which 27,086 (25%) were confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 7,514 (28%) died, with people aged 60 or over 5,697 (69%) of the cases and heart diseases and diabetes were the risk groups that stood out considerably in the deaths of the elderly. Conclusion: the disease is not yet under control, social distance and the use of masks are the best way to prevent the progression of cases and deaths by COVID-19.
The Lippia oils are well known for the treatment of respiratory problems, as well as their oils have compounds that are possibly good antimicrobial agents. In order to confi rm the seasonal differences and also to observe the potential to infl uence the antimicrobial activity, it was evaluated antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Lippia origanoides H K B against the strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Methodology: leaves of Lippia origanoides H.B.K. were harvested in the municipality of José de Freitas-PI, followed by their plants by the hydrodistillation process. Afterwards the oil was subjected to the analysis of techniques by Gas Chromatography coupled to GC-MS Mass Spectrometry for the identifi cation of its most important components. The test for its activities was bactericidal and fungicidal at the concentrations of 100, 300, 600 and 900 μg / mL. According to the analysis of the oil in the study, the results are classifi ed as chemotactic C, since it presents 55.53% of thymbrite as the majority of the total area analyzed. In addition, it presents 18.87% of carvacrol and 18.03% of p-cimene, the latter being a precursor of thymol and carvacrol. Events reported to results are due to the major compounds present in the oil. After 24 hours of growth, inhibition can be detected in some of the tested, as well as, it was noticed that the diluted in saline did not present positive results as expected for control. However, the oil at concentrations of 100, 300, 600 and 900 μg / ml inhibited growth against E. coli. Inhibition of the Staphylococcus aureus strain was observed at concentrations of 300, 600 and 900 μg / mL and against candida albicans there was inhibition at the concentrations of 300, 600 and 900 μg / mL. At the concentration of 100 μg / mL against the last strains there was no inhibition. The antimicrobial action is derived from the essential oil itself and the main responsible for it are the main components present, thymol and carvacrol and or association thereof, as well as resulting from hydrophobicity, permeability of the membrane. Conclusion: It was perceived that the essential oil of Lippia origanoides H. B. K. presented antimicrobial action as strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. At the concentration of 600 μg / mL there was a greater action against bacterial strains and against the fungal strain, 900 μg / mL, with a higher inhibition index. Therefore, a L. origanoides presents itself as promising for the development of new phytotherapics, faster and at a lower cost.
Introdução: Avaliou-se a toxicidade aguda de 1,3-diestearil-2-oleil-glicerol (TG1), composto obtido de Platonia insignis Mart. (bacurizeiro), após administração oral em ratos Wistar. Métodos: A toxicidade aguda foi analisada através dos parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos. A análise de citotoxicidade in vitro foi feita pelo método do sal 3-(4,5-dimetil-2-tiazol)-2,5-difenil-2-H-brometo de tetrazolium (MTT). Os tecidos cerebrais e hepáticos foram avaliados histopatologicamente. Resultados: O tratamento agudo com TG1(dose de 30 mg kg-1) não produziu alterações hematológicas e histopatológicas nas áreas cerebrais e hepáticas. A redução dos níveis das enzimas transaminase (AST) e fosfatase alcalina (ALKP) pode sugerir proteção hepática. As análises bioquímicas da aspartato aminotransferase, ALKP e do ácido úrico apresentaram seus níveis reduzidos, conferindo preservação dos rins e fígado dos animais (p
Rodrigues AMX, et al. Tuberculosis' epidemiology in [2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013] in the databases Lilacs, MedLine and Scielo using the following key words: Epidemiology, Tuberculosis and Health and were in Portuguese 15 articles were read in full to develop the study. Results: it was found that the period had the highest number of publications was between 2008 and 2013, although the most frequent qualitative approach with 66.6% of publications. In terms of geographical region, the Southeast stood out with 33.3% of the publications. The 15 studies produced three categories of discussion, they are the epidemiology of tuberculosis, control of tuberculosis before an approach to various aspects in the Brazil and the correlation TB/HIV carriers. Conclusion: this study suggests that work be carried out together, encompassing patient and health system, where the strategies and incentives programs are of paramount importance to ensure proper patient care and healing. Descriptors: Biological Factors. Tuberculosis. Epidemiology. RESUMO Objetivo: realizar uma revisão integrativa sobre a tuberculose no Brasil no que diz respeito a epidemiologia, controle da doença e correlação com portadores do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada através da pesquisa de artigos científicos publicados entre os anos de 2005 a 2013 nos bancos de dados Lilacs, MedLine e Scielo utilizando os seguintes descritores: Epidemiologia, Tuberculose e Saúde e que estivessem em língua portuguesa, sendo que 15 artigos foram lidos na íntegra para desenvolver o estudo. Resultados: verificou-se que o período que concentrou o maior número de publicações deu-se entre 2008 e 2013, sendo a abordagem qualitativa a mais frequente com 66,6% das publicações. Quanto à região geográfica, se sobressaiu a região Sudeste com 33,3% das publicações. Os 15 estudos originaram três categorias de discussão, sendo elas a epidemiologia da tuberculose, o controle da Tuberculose diante de uma abordagem dos diversos aspectos no âmbito do Brasil e a correlação tuberculose/portadores de HIV. Conclusão: Este estudo sugere que sejam realizados trabalhos em conjunto, englobando paciente e sistema de saúde, onde as estratégias e os incentivos aos programas são de suma importância para garantir o tratamento adequado ao paciente e a cura. Descritores: Fatores Biológicos. Tuberculose. Epidemiologia. RESUMÉN Objetivo: hacer una revisión integradora de la tuberculosis en Brasil sobre la epidemiología, control de enfermedades y la correlación con los portadores del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana. Metodología: se trata de una revisión integradora realizada por artículos de investigación científica publicados entre 2005 a 2013 en las bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE y Scielo usando las siguientes palabras clave: Epidemiología, la Tuberculosis y Salud y estaban en portugués, y 15 artículos fueron leídos en su totalidad para desarrollar el estudio. Resultados: se encontró que el período tuvo el mayor número de pub...
O livro A sala de aula e a prática do professor: experiências e desafios contemporâneos, busca refletir sobre as questões que perpassam o cotidiano da sala de aula, desde a prática do professor e seu fazer pedagógico às questões burocráticas que e envolvem a educação e o sistema educacional, além das dificuldades que vão surgindo ao longo de sua práxis. Num cenário em que os desafios e as relações socias se multiplicam, se transformam e se ampliam, tanto pelo avanço das tecnologias quanto pela própria evolução da humanidade, a escola tende a ter um grande desafio: responder as necessidades urgentes da sociedade e dos sujeitos, que se apresentam e se transformam constantemente. E estar atento a essas transformações, é enxergar o processo de aprendizagem como algo dinâmico, se singulariza na prática do professor, no espaço da sala de aula. Assim, cada experiência aqui apresentada, traz recortes dessa sala de aula contemporânea e de experiências que nos motivam ainda mais a acreditar na educação que acontece no chão da escola se ressignifica nas práticas do professor e nos desafios que vão sendo superadas. Que possamos a partir das experiências, práticas e reflexões aqui expostas, e dos desafios que o contemporâneo nos apresenta, repensar ainda mais, a importância do papel sociotransformador do professor e da escola na formação dos sujeitos.Boa leitura!
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