HistoryA 13-year-old sexually intact male Miniature Poodle was evaluated for deterioration of its neurologic status 3 weeks after undergoing bilateral frontal craniectomy via a transfrontal sinus approach for resection of olfactory lobe meningioma. During surgery, brain tissue had been in direct contact with the open frontal sinus because a graft was not used over the dura mater defect. Physical examination findings included bilateral aqueous nasal discharge, signs of a depressed mental status, fine generalized resting body tremor, aimless wandering, mild ataxia, and postural reaction deficits in all 4 limbs with normal segmental spinal cord reflexes. Abnormalities detected during an examination of the cranial nerves included decreased menace response in both eyes with normal pupillary light reflexes. A diffuse or multifocal forebrain anatomic diagnosis was considered on the basis of the neurologic findings. Anesthesia was induced with propofol (2 to 4 mg/kg [0.9 to 1.8 mg/lb], IV, to effect) and maintained with isoflurane. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed with a 1.5-T superconducting magnet and an extremity coil for humans. The dog was positioned in sternal recumbency. A standard protocol for imaging the brain was used with T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and T2*-gradient echo pulse sequences obtained before and after administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine a (0.1 mmol/kg [0.045 mmol/lb], IV; Figure 1). Determine whether additional imaging studies are required, or make your diagnosis from Figure 1-then turn the page * * Figure 1-Magnetic resonance (MR) images of the brain of a 13-year-old sexually intact male Miniature Poodle evaluated for deterioration of its neurologic status 3 weeks after undergoing bilateral frontal craniectomy via a transfrontal sinus approach for resection of olfactory lobe meningioma. A-Dorsal plane T2-weighted spin echo. B-T2*-gradient echo. C-T1-weighted spin echo after administration of contrast medium. D-Right parasagittal T1-weighted spin echo after administration of contrast medium. E-Transverse (at the level of the frontal lobe) T1-weighted spin echo after administration of contrast medium.

Real Time Strategy Games (RTSG) are a strong test bed for AI research, particularly on the subject of Unsupervised Learning. They offer a challenging, dynamic environment with complex problems that often have no perfect solutions. Learning Classifier Systems are rule-based machine learning techniques that rely on a Genetic Algorithm to discover a knowledge map used to classify an input space into a set of actions.This paper focuses on the use of Accuracy-based Learning Classifier System (XCS) as the learning mechanism for generating adaptive strategies in a Real Time Strategy Game. The performance and adaptability of the developed strategies with the XCS is analyzed by facing these against scripted opponents on an open source game called Wargus. Results show that the XCS module is able to learn adaptive strategies effectively and achieve the objectives of each training scenario. 1

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Genetic Algorithms seek to solve optimization problems by implementing bioinspired techniques that simulate the evolution of living beings. This work explores a particular aspect of these techniques and proposes an individual mate choice criteria for the mating phase, called IBC. The main idea is to delegate the choice of the mate to the individuals, seeking to obtain a positive incidence in the evolution of the individuals throughout the generations. The choice criteria is codified within the chromosome, so it participates of the evolutionary process, giving each individual its own criteria. Experimental comparison between IBC, Rank and Binary Tournament show a positive tendency for the proposed technique.