The paper was aimed at developing an ultrasound-assisted extraction of carotenoids from orange peel using olive oil as a solvent. A central composite design was used to define the optimal conditions for their extraction. Under the optimal conditions (extraction time of 35 min, extraction temperature of 42 ℃, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 15 mL/g), the experimental and predicted values of carotenoid content were 1.85 and 1.83 mg/100 g dry weight, respectively. The agreement of these values indicated the adequacy of the proposed regression model. The extraction temperature only had a negative influence on carotenoid content. The impact of extraction parameters on the carotenoid content was decreased according to the following order: extraction time, liquid-to-solid ratio, and extraction temperature. Ca-alginate beads were prepared using the extrusion process to increase the stability and protect the antioxidant activity of olive oil enriched with carotenoids. The encapsulation efficiency and particle mean diameter were 89.5% and 0.78 mm, respectively. The presence of oil extract in Ca-alginate beads was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The antioxidant activity of the oil enriched with carotenoids before and after encapsulation in the alginate beads was determined according to the DPPH assay.

No abstract

The aim of this paper was to prepare a natural food additive based on the encapsulated aqueous extract of pot marigold flowers in the calcium alginate microparticles. The prepared extract had an antioxidants content of 5.59 g GAE/100 g of dry weight. Its antioxidant activity was expressed based on a half‐maximal inhibitory concentration which was found to be 0.096 mg/ml. The average particle sizes of control and encapsulated alginate microparticles prepared using extrusion‐assisted by a secondary airflow were 643.7 and 789.3 µm, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of 87.4% was determined. The study has shown that the chemical interactions between bioactive compounds and alginate did not occur. The release of antioxidants from alginate microparticles was monitored in the conditions of the simulated gastrointestinal tract at 37°C. The higher release of antioxidants by about 70% was noticed in the simulated intestinal fluid. The application of alginate microparticles can ensure the safety of foodstuffs and increase their nutritional value in a way acceptable to the final consumers. Novelty Impact Statement Studies on the encapsulation of pot marigold flowers into the calcium alginate microparticles using extrusion‐assisted by a secondary airflow have important research value. The prepared system can be used as an additive of foodstuffs for the improvement of nutritional value and enhancement of their stability. The prolonged delivery system can enable the safe storage of products based on the long‐lasting release of antioxidants.

Cd > Cu > Zn > Pb > Ni. ICF results show low to moderate risk, while GCF results show low risk in terms of heavy metal contamination in the examined area.

Izvod Korištenje voda za rekreaciju ili liječenje je veoma značajno u održavanju zdravlja i UVODZa rekreaciju, najveći značaj vode u bazenima leži u mogućnosti kupanja i u mogućnosti razvoja različitih sportova. Upravo u toj mogućnosti kupanja sagledava se, u najvećoj mjeri , rekreativna vrijednost voda u bazenima. Kupanje, kombinovano sa sunčanjem, djeluje stimulativno na pojedine funkcije u organizmu i odražava se veoma povoljno na fizički i psihički tonus čovjeka. Reakcija između unutrašnje temperature tijela kupača i temperature vode znatno povećava respiratornu razmjenu, a pojačava i varenje radi dobijanja novih kalorija potrebnih za samoodbranu organizma od gubljenja toplote rashlađivanjem. Naravno, pojačano varenje pojačava apetit i metaboličke procese. Kupanje u vodi sa pokretima (talasanje) preko mehaničke masaže djeluje povoljno na periferni sistem i pojačava otpornost organizma u cjelini. Rekreativno dejstvo plivanja u bazenskoj vodi ogleda se i u povećanju mišićnog tonusa i jačanju fizičke kondicije. [1, 2] Potreba za rekreacijom, kao jednim od bitnih načina održavanja psihofizičkog zdravlja i radne sposobnosti je bitna potreba savremenog čovjeka, te se u razvijenom svijetu danas velika pažnja posvećuje kvalitetu vode za rekreaciju. Upravo iz tog razloga, čine se napori da se kompletno svjetsko znanje stavi u funkciju upravljanja kvalitetom vode za rekreaciju (postavljanje standarda kvaliteta