Introduction. Farmers make extensive use of two-wheel tractors equipped with traction and drive interchangeable units. Two-wheel tractors are required to move evenly with minimal slip of the drive wheels on the soil. The tractive force on the drive wheels of the tillage unit is the decisive power factor in this case. An objective traction force value can be measured only by carrying out experimental studies. Materials and Methods. To determine the traction force on the drive wheels of the twowheel tractor, the design of the experimental stand was proposed and substantiated (RF patent for useful model No. 188610 “Movable module of the test stand”), and a methodology for planning and conducting a multifactor experiment to determine the traction force was developed. Results. As a result of the laboratory tests the calculation dependencies of the tractive force on the drive wheels of the Neva MB23-MultiAGRO Pro two-wheel tractor were obtained. Soil conditions, design and technological parameters, operating modes of the two-wheel tractor, and rolling resistance forces were taken into account. Discussion and Conclusion. The use of the developed regression models of the traction force under the condition of ensuring uniform movement with the minimum permissible slipping of the driving wheels of the two-wheel tractor on the soil will allow obtaining the permissible values of the two-tractor motion speed and form the zones of its most effective functioning.

Introduction. The development of agricultural production technical support implies the creation of new working tools and machines for soil treatment, and their improvement and research. This process is continuously associated with the use of soil channels and experimental facilities that help to determine the nature of interaction of working elements and wheeled drivers of agricultural machinery, including means of small-scale mechanization, with the soil. The purpose of this study is to provide the rationale for the design of the stand for testing the working elements of tillage units and wheels of transport and technological machines in the agro-industrial complex. Materials and Methods. In order to obtain reliable experimental data on the interaction of wheeled propellers of small-scale mechanization with the soil, the analysis of the basic design of the experimental stand to study the working elements of agricultural machinery was conducted. The requirements for the experimental stand were defined. The experimental-measuring complex “Soil Channel” was developed and manufactured on the basis of production facilities of the Prof. Leshchankin Chair of Mobile Power Tools and Agricultural Machinery of the Institute of Mechanics and Power Engineering of National Research Mordovia State University. Results. The analysis of ensuring the stability of translational motion of the experimental stand movable module is given, the technical solution to ensure the uniformity of its motion is substantiated and the choice of the electromagnetic powder brake type size is made. The kinematic diagram and a prototype of the movable module of the experimental stand for the investigation of the driving wheels of power tillers are developed. Discussion and Conclusion. Improvement of the soil channel design by introducing a removable module into it, will provide tests not only of active, traction and traction-driven working tools of tillage machines, but will also allow studying the nature of interaction of their driving wheels with the soil, carrying out simultaneous control of traction force and slipping. These data can be used for modernization of existing machines and working tools, and for developing new units.

The substantiation of the design parameters of the working elements of the drive of a prototype mounted soil-cultivating module for motor blocks and motor cultivators with combined or simultaneous rotation of individual sections of active working bodies “top down” and “bottom up” using well-known modern methods for calculating and designing machine parts, including a combination of design and verification calculations, taking into account practical application in the designs of tillage machines.