It was evaluated the anthelmintic activity of Agave sisalana (sisal) juice against gastrointestinal nematodes and its potential toxic effects in goats. In vitro tests showed more than 95% reduction in larval counts of the genus Haemonchus spp. at concentrations between 86.5 and 146.3 mg.mL -1. In vivo the percent reduction of larvae of the fourth (L4) and fifth (L5) stages of Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum and Trichostrongylus was less than 95% in groups GI and GII, and between 80 and 90% in group GIII. A. sisalana juice at the concentrations tested in vitro was effective against gastrointestinal nematodes in goats; however, its anthelmintic efficacy was reduced when administered to animals.Keywords: Agave sisalana, anthelmintic, goats, nematodes, sisal. ResumoFoi avaliada a atividade anti-helmíntica do suco de Agave sisalana (sisal) contra nematódeos gastrintestinais e possíveis efeitos tóxicos em caprinos. Nos testes in vitro, encontrou-se redução superior a 95% na contagem de larvas do gênero Haemonchus spp. nas concentrações entre 86,5 e 146,3 mg.mL -1 . In vivo, o percentual de redução de larvas de quarto (L4) e quinto (L5) estágios de Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum e Trichostrongylus foi inferior a 95% para o GI e GII, e entre 80 e 90% para o GIII. O suco de A. sisalana nas concentrações testadas in vitro foi efetivo contra nematódeos gastrintestinais de caprinos, apresentando, no entanto, reduzida eficácia anti-helmíntica quando administrado nos animais.Palavras-chave: Agave sisalana, anti-helmíntico, caprinos, nematódeos, sisal.The goat industry is a livestock activity of great socioeconomic importance in Northeastern Brazil, but its operation has been limited by frequent gastrointestinal nematode infections (GNI) and inappropriate drug use, which has led to resistance of these parasites to common anthelmintics.Given the interest in the use of waste liquid of A. sisalana and lack of scientific evidence regarding its potential anthelmintic activity, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of A. sisalana juice against gastrointestinal nematodes and its potential toxic effects in goats.Agave sisalana plants were collected in Valente, Bahia. They were identified by botanists and voucher specimens (No. 838) were deposited in the herbarium of the Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana.A. sisalana pulp and juice were collected through mechanical defibration of the leaves. The juice was obtained after filtration three times in filter paper and stored at 4 °C for use in in vivo tests. For in vitro tests, the juice was dried and frozen. Five concentrations were used in this study : 146.3, 112.5, 86.5, 66.5, 51.1 and 39.3 mg.mL -1 , which were tested in triplicate. To validate the results, the same experiment was repeated three times.Larval cultures (UENO; GONÇALVES, 1998) consisted of 2 g of feces, 2 g of sawdust, and 2 mL of juice. Positive and negative controls were treated with doramectin (0.0625 mg.mL -1 ) and distilled water, respectively.Twenty-four racially undefined goats b...

Updated information of the dispersion dynamics of Chagas disease (CD) and a systemic analysis of these data will aid the early identification of areas that are vulnerable to transmission and enable efficient intervention. This work synthesized spatiotemporal information regarding triatomine fauna and analyzed this information in combination with the results from serological tests to elucidate the epidemiological panorama of CD in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. This is a retrospective analytical study that utilized information from the database of the National Chagas Disease Control Program. Between 2010 and 2016, 838 triatomines of eight species, namely, Panstrongylus geniculatus, which was first recorded in the state of Sergipe, Panstrongylus lutzi, P. megistus, Triatoma brasiliensis, T. pseudomaculata, T. tibiamaculata, T. melanocephala, and Rhodnius neglectus, were collected. Optical microscopy revealed that 13.2% of triatomines examined were infected by Trypanosoma cruzi-like flagellates. The distribution of triatomines exhibits an expanding south-central to northern dispersion, with a preference for semiarid and agreste areas and occasional observations in humid coastal areas due to anthropogenic actions reflected in the environment. Of the human cases analyzed from 2012 to 2016, 8.3% (191/2316) presented positive serology for Trypanosoma cruzi, and this proportion showed a gradual increase in the southern center of the state and new notifications in coastal regions. There is a need for intensification and continuity of the measures adopted by the Chagas Disease Control Program in Sergipe, identifying new priority areas for intervention and preferential ecotopes of the vectors, considering the occurrence of positive triatomines intradomicilliary and a source of new triatomines in the peridomiciles.

ResumoO estudo avaliou a atividade anti-helmíntica do extrato aquoso das folhas de Zanthoxylum rhoifolium em dois experimentos. O teste in vitro utilizou cultivos de fezes de caprinos tratados com diferentes concentrações do extrato: (134,5 a 335,0 mg.mL -1). No teste in vivo, utilizaram-se 20 ovelhas: G1 tratado durante quatro dias (0,63 g.kg -1 PV); G2, mesma dose, por oito dias; G3, ivermectina (200 µg.kg -1 ); e G4, sem tratamento. In vitro, observou-se redução de larvas de Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus e Oesophagostomum superior a 95% nas concentrações de 193,7 a 335,0 mg.mL -1 . In vivo, a redução de ovos por grama de fezes foi de 51, 56 e 90%, respectivamente, para G1, G2 e G3, no oitavo dia de tratamento, enquanto para os estágios imaturos e adultos variou de 0 a 91% no G1 e 26 a 94% no G2. A eficácia da ivermectina alcançou 99% para L4 e L5 de H. contortus e 100% para as demais espécies de nematoides. Parâmetros clínicos e bioquímicos permaneceram na faixa de normalidade, e as análises histopatológicas não revelaram alterações sugestivas de toxicidade. Embora altamente efetivo in vitro, o extrato aquoso de folhas de Z. rhoifolium foi pouco eficaz in vivo na redução de nematoides gastrintestinais.Palavras-chave: Zanthoxylum rhoifolium, fitoterápico, anti-helmíntico, nematóides, pequenos ruminantes. AbstractThe study evaluated the anthelmintic activity of aqueous extract of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium leaves in two experiments. In vitro test, cultures of goat fecal samples were treated with different concentrations of extract (134.5 to 335.0 mg.mL -1 ). In vivo test was composed of 20 sheep: G1: treated with 0.63 g.kg -1 , during four days; G2: same dose, for eight days; G3: ivermectin (200 µg.kg -1 ) and G4 untreated group. In vitro results showed a reduction of Haemonchus spp, Trichostrongylus spp. and Oesophagostomum spp. larvae greater than 95% in the concentrations between 335.0 and 193.7 mg.mL -1 . Faecal egg counting reduction was 51, 56 and 90% in G1, G2 and G3, respectively, while immature stages and adults ranged from 0 to 91% in G1 and from 26 to 94% in G2. Ivermectin effectiveness was 99% for L4 and L5 of H. contortus and 100% for other nematodes species. Clinical and biochemical parameters have remained in the normality and histophatologic analyses did not show alteration suggesting absence of toxicity. Although the great effectiveness of Z. rhoifolium leaves extract in vitro test, it displayed poor efficiency in vivo regarding gastrointestinal nematodes reduction.

Atualmente as pessoas vêm cada vez mais tentando se enquadrar em um padrão de beleza e a busca pelo sorriso perfeito pode trazer danos e frustrações ao paciente, caso o profissional não siga os critérios necessários para realizar intervenções estéticas, como é o caso das facetas em resina composta. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever um caso clínico onde foi realizada a troca de facetas em resina composta nos elementos dentários anteriores superiores por novas facetas de resina em busca de adequação estética e anatômica e discutir acerca desse tratamento. O paciente procurou atendimento no consultório odontológico queixando-se de suas antigas facetas, onde o mesmo achava a coloração desagradável, afirmando também que ao fazer sua higiene oral havia sangramento. Tendo em vista tais situações do paciente e análise clínica, foi proposto clareamento dental imediato da arcada inferior, remoção das 10 facetas pré-existentes e nova execução de 10 facetas em resina seguindo os princípios estéticos e funcionais. Para a realização de múltiplas restaurações estéticas é essencial que o Cirurgião-Dentista esteja atento às indicações, possíveis limitações e conhecimento da anatomia dental do paciente, respeitando também tecidos e estruturas periodontais. Sendo assim, um planejamento devidamente qualificado para executar tal procedimento é essencial para que o paciente não venha a ter qualquer tipo de desconforto, garantindo o sucesso do tratamento.