This study aimed to provide a list of fish species from tributaries of rio das Almas and rio Maranhão basins, in the upper rio Tocantins basin, Goiás State, Brazil. For this study 21 stream stretches were sampled during the dry season in July 2010. A total of 2,279 individuals of 67 species, 19 families and five orders were collected. The most representative families in number of species were Characidae, Loricariidae, and Crenuchidae respectively. The genus Knodus, Hypostomus and Characidium showed the greatest abundance and distribution among the samplings. Poecilia reticulata was considered the only non-native species. The presence of a large number of endemic and undescribed species or with undefined taxonomic situation, in addition to the rapid habitat loss in this region, juts the need for the development of further studies in this basin.

Materials and Methods Study site Fish samples were collected in the region of Serra Azul and Serra do Roncador in the upper-middle Araguaia basin, in the municípios Barra do Garças and Aragarças (Figure 1), in the states of Mato Grosso and Goiás respectively. The climate is tropical wet and characterized by two well defined seasons, rainy season (October to April) and dry season (May to September), with an average temperature of 25.5°C (Pirani et al. 2009). Data collection Ten sites were sampled in the tributaries of the Araguaia basin during the dry season, from July 29 to August 2, 2008 (Table 1). Fish collections were performed using standard ichthyological gear comprising sieves, seine nets and cast nets (IBAMA permit number 12120-1). The sampling effort included 60 minutes of sampling by three people at each site. Fish were fixed in 10% formalin solution and subsequently transferred to 70% ethanol. Species were identified up to the lowest possible taxonomic level, using available literature and further confirmation by experts when possible. The taxonomic classification follows Eschmeyer (2013). Voucher specimens were deposited in the fish collection of the

The lack of knowledge on the distribution and taxonomy of ichthyofauna from coastal Atlantic Rainforest of Santa Catarina state, Brazil, is noteworthy. This study presents a rapid but comprehensive survey of fish species from the coastal hydrographic regions of Santa Catarina. The samples were conducted in October 2012, in 19 sampling sites of five hydrographic regions, using sieves, seine nets, and throw nets. A total of 1,878 individuals belonging to 51 species distributed in 16 families are reported; four freshwater fish species represent distribution novelties for the region. The families Characidae and Loricariidae were predominant, mainly due to the abundance of Astyanax sp., Mimagoniates microlepis, Epactionotus itaimbezinho, and Pareiorhaphis stomias. Therefore, this study provides important contributions to the knowledge of the freshwater fishes from the studied area.

This study investigates the distribution and structure of the assemblages of fishes in tributaries of middle and lower sections of Tibagi river basin. The samples were conducted quarterly from December 2013 through December 2014, in 24 sampling sites of 8 tributaries. A total of 5643 individuals belonging to 44 species distributed in 13 families and 5 orders are reported. The families Characidae, Loricariidae, and Heptapteridae were predominant; Astyanax paranae, Phalloceros harpagos, Piabina argentea, Astyanax bockmanni, and Trichomycterus davisi were the most abundant species. Four non-native species were collected: Coptodon rendalli, Poecilia reticulata, Xiphophorus hellerii, and Oreochromis niloticus. The fish fauna of the middle and lower sections of Tibagi river basin has previously been threatened by human activities such as urbanization, industry, agriculture, and currently with dam construction.

This study presents a list of species from igarapés tributaries of the rio Acre, Acre State, Brazil. Fish assemblages were sampled in October 2009, August and October 2010, using standard ichthyological gear, along fifteen sampling sites. A total of 11,395 specimens, distributed in 94 species, 24 families and six orders were collected. The most species-rich orders were Characiformes with 45 species (48.4%) and Siluriformes with 33 species (34.7%); from which Serrapinnus gr. microdon (22.4%), Otocinclus vittatus (20.4%), Phenacogaster pectinatus (10.9%), Brachychalcinus copei (5.8%) and Knodus sp. (5.3%) represented 64.8 % of the specimens captured. The species accumulation curve does not present a stabilization tendency, indicating that, additional sampling can increase the number of species. This study has a high importance for the knowledge of the rio Acre fish fauna composition and adds 52 new records of species to the fish fauna of the rio Purus.