We describe the hybridization-expansion continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo code package "w2dynamics", developed in Wien and Würzburg. We discuss the main features of this multi-orbital quantum impurity solver for the Anderson impurity model, dynamical mean field theory as well as its coupling to density functional theory. The w2dynamics package allows for calculating one-and two-particle quantities; it includes worm and further novel sampling schemes. Details about its download, installation, functioning and the relevant parameters are provided.
Due to the intrinsic complexity of the quantum many-body problem, quantum Monte Carlo algorithms and their corresponding Monte Carlo configurations can be defined in various ways. Configurations corresponding to few Feynman diagrams often lead to severe sign problems. On the other hand, computing the configuration weight becomes numerically expensive in the opposite limit in which many diagrams are grouped together. Here we show that for continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo in the hybridization expansion the efficiency can be substantially improved by dividing the local impurity trace into fragments, which are then sampled individually. For this technique, which also turns out to preserve the fermionic sign, a modified update strategy is introduced in order to ensure ergodicity. Our (super)state sampling is particularly beneficial to calculations with many d-orbitals and general local interactions, such as full Coulomb interaction. For illustration, we reconsider the simple albeit well-known case of a degenerate three-orbital model at low temperatures. This allows us to quantify the coherence properties of the "spin-freezing" crossover, even close to the Mott transition.
Using a numerically exact first-principles many-body approach, we revisit the "prototypical" Kondo case of a cobalt impurity on copper. Even though this is considered a well understood example of the Kondo effect, we reveal an unexpectedly strong dependence of the screening properties on the parametrization of the local Coulomb tensor. As a consequence, the Kondo temperature can vary by orders of magnitude depending on the complexity of the parametrization of the electron-electron interaction. Further, we challenge the established picture of a spin-1 moment involving two cobalt d orbitals only, as orbital-mixing interaction terms boost the contribution of the remainder of the d shell.
We derive equations of motion for Green's functions of the multi-orbital Anderson impurity model by differentiating symmetrically with respect to all time arguments. The resulting equations relate the one-and two-particle Green's function to correlators of up to six particles at four times. As an application we consider continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo simulations in the hybridization expansion, which hitherto suffered from notoriously high noise levels at large Matsubara frequencies.Employing the derived symmetric improved estimators overcomes this problem.
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