Biodiversity conservation requires the development and application of methods for its economic assessment. The methodology of such an assessment, based on a system-philosophical analysis of the ecological views typology, allows estimating the relationship of man to nature and developing methods for the economic assessment of biodiversity. The article proposes an interaction model "Man-Biodiversity-Economic Activity". Further development of this methodology seems to be in the analysis of the ethnocultural and ecolinguistic aspects of traditional and modern environmental and economic myths, the manifestations of the relationship of man to nature in linguistic culture.