The 3D model of Epidaurus is simulated with tworoom acoustics modelling methods. The lowfrequencies up to 1000 Hz are simulated with a3DFDTD method able to predict the wave-based phenomena such as diffraction and interference. The high frequencies are predicted with ab eam tracing method. The early parts of the computed impulse responses are analyzed to explain the well-known acoustics for speech in the ancient theatres. The prediction results are compared to real measurements and visualized with various methods both in the time domain and in the frequencydomain. The results suggest that when an actor wasonthe stage (which does not exist anymore)his direct sound wassupported by several early reflections from the ground, from the stage, and from the staircases of the audience area. All this early energy is assumed to fuse well with the direct sound resulting in astrong voice being perceivedatevery seat in the audience.

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ID 16411 Poster Board 244 Background: One of the difficulties in cancer research is bridging the gap between human and animal tumor models. One proposed method of improving the screening of cancer-promoting toxins and novel cancer therapies is the development of pre-clinical 3D human culture models. We are currently developing 3D human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) culture models using the standardized HepG2 liver cancer cell line as a template. Ethanol is being used as a test agent to generate conditioned media (CM) from 2D adherent vs. 3D HepG2 suspension spheroid cultures. The conditioned media is then applied to human monocytes to determine differences in TNF-a (proinflammatory) and IL-10 (anti-inflammatory) cytokine induction.Objectives: The experimental goals were to determine differences in the production of TNF-a and IL-10 between 2D and 3D cultured HepG2 cells, and by THP-1 monocytes treated with conditioned media (CM), +/-ethanol, derived from 2D and 3D HepG2 cells.Methods: HepG2 cells were grown in both 2D (adherent) and 3D (suspension) cultures to produce two different patterns of cell growth (Fig. 1). The cells were then switched to fetal bovine exosome-free media and grown with and without 100 mM ethanol to produce CM. Human monocytes (THP-1 cells) were then cultured in the presence of CM. Cell viability and production of TNF-a and IL-10 were measured using PrestoBlue™ and Lumit™ immunoassays.

The prediction and synthesis of room impulse responses (RIR) has wide application from computer gaming to architectural acoustics. When a level of physical accuracy is important, a single acoustic modeling technique is usually limited by its computational load. Hybrid acoustic models target different time/frequency regions of the RIR with different modeling techniques. This paper introduces a hybrid acoustic model consisting of a physical FDTD model for low-mid frequencies, beam-tracing, and the acoustic radiance transfer method in the early part and late parts at high frequencies respectively. In this work, attention is given to establishing the equivalence of the boundary characteristics in each modeling domain. Good agreement is demonstrated indicating that mixing the separate model responses leads to an energetically consistent RIR.