Introduction:Lipodystrophy is related to the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and can cause aesthetic stigma and increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Physical activity may be a valid alternative for the treatment and prevention of lipodystrophy. However, few studies address this issue. The objective of this study was to assess lipodystrophy related to highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV/AIDS patients with different physical activity habits. Methods:The sample was composed of 42 HIV/AIDS patients taking HAART medication who were visiting the Counseling and Testing Center (CTC) in Presidente Prudente. The level of physical activity was obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ); lipodystrophy was diagnosed using a self-report questionnaire that was administered to the patient and then followed up by medical confirmation. The percentage of trunk fat was estimated by dual X-Ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Information about sex, age, length of HAART treatment, CD4+ T lymphocyte count (CD4) and viral load was also collected. Results: A higher prevalence of lipodystrophy was observed in the sedentary group when compared to the physically active group, which indicates that physical activity may be a protective factor in relation to the occurrence of lipodystrophy. The group that had a higher CD4 had a higher proportion of lipodystrophy and a higher proportion of younger and physically active individuals. The patients with lipodystrophy had a higher percentage of trunk fat and were more sedentary than active individuals. Conclusions: A physically active lifestyle has a protective effect against the occurrence of lipodystrophy related to HAART.

Few studies are available on hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection in populations living

BackgroundMetabolic and morphological changes associated with excessive abdominal fat, after the introduction of Antiretroviral Therapy, increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA). Accurate methods for body composition analysis are expensive and the use of anthropometric indices is an alternative. However the investigations about this subject in PLWHA are rare, making this research very important for clinical purpose and to advance scientific knowledge. The aim of this study is to correlate results of anthropometric indices of evaluation of body fat distribution with the results obtained by Dual-energy X-Ray Absorptiometry(DEXA), in people living with HIV/AIDS.MethodsThe sample was of 67 PLWHA(39 male and 28 female), aged 43.6+7.9 years. Body mass index, conicity index, waist/hip ratio, waist/height ratio and waist/thigh were calculated. Separated by sex, each index/ratio was plotted in a scatter chart with linear regression fit and their respective Pearson correlation coefficients. Analyses were performed using Prism statistical program and significance was set at 5%.ResultsThe waist/height ratio presented the highest correlation coefficient, for both male (r=0.80, p<0.001) and female (r=0.87, p <001), while the lowest were in the waist/thigh also for both: male group (r=0.58, p<0.001) and female group (r=0.03, p=0.86). The other indices also showed significant positive correlation with DEXA.ConclusionAnthropometric indices, especially waist/height ratio may be a good alternative way to be used for evaluating the distribution of fat in the abdominal region of adults living with HIV/ADIS.

As infecções causadas por Cryptococus spp. são oportunistas, urbanas e associadas a imunossupressão. A mortalidade é estimada em 10% nos países desenvolvidos e 43% nos emergentes. O Objetivo foi avaliar os aspectos clínico-epidemiológicos da criptococose na região do oeste paulista. Trata-se de estudo transversal, baseado nas informações dos prontuários de pacientes em um hospital do interior de São Paulo, de 2006 a 2018. Aplicou-se análise descritiva por meio da frequência absoluta (n) e relativa (%); e estatística através dos testes x2 e Exato de Fisher. Também foi calculado Risco Relativo (RR) e Odds Ratio (OD) para óbito. A neurocriptococose foi a principal manifestação clínica em 64,50%. A pesquisa direta no líquor foi positiva em 85,71% das amostras, o imunodiagnóstico em 93,80% e a cultura, padrão-ouro para fungo, em 55,55% dos casos. O teste x2 e o Exato de Fisher não demonstraram diferença entre sexo, faixa etária, forma clínica ou óbito. RR e OD foram considerados baixos. A associação dos aspectos epidemiológicos da criptococose com seus sinais clínicos permite o diagnóstico precoce da doença, diminuindo o desenvolvimento de quadros graves. Além disso, as terapias antirretrovirais de alto desempenho diminuíram drasticamente a ocorrência de óbitos em pacientes com HIV.

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