Introduction: Central line-associated bloodstream infections are the second most frequent infection in intensive care units. It represents an adverse event of significant magnitude, thus threatening the patient safety. The aim of this study was to analyze the historical trend of central line-associated bloodstream infections in patients in intensive care units, the rate of infection, central venous catheter utilization ratio, type of pathogen and their antimicrobial resistance pattern. Methodology: This ecological study was performed at 42 intensive care units from a state capital of the Midwest region of Brazil. Central line-associated bloodstream infections notifications were collected from two databases, the Municipal Coordination for Patient Safety and Infection Control at Healthcare Services, from 2012-2016, and the FormSUS (National Health System Data Processing Company), from 2014-2016. Results: The incidence of central line-associated bloodstream infections was high and stationary in the period (incidence rate of 2.3 to 3.2 per 1,000 catheter days, central venous catheter utilization ratio average 56,9%). The most frequent microorganisms were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Resistance to 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins and carbapenems were detected among Gram-negative bacteria, and resistance to oxacillin among Gram-positive bacteria. Conclusions: Central line-associated bloodstream infections incidence rates were high, however the historical trend remained stationary in adult intensive care units. Infections were mostly caused by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, K. pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including multi-drug resistant organisms. These findings point to the need of educational strategies addressing the adherence to established preventive measures and to the rational use of antimicrobials.

Objetivo: analisar a infecção primária da corrente sanguínea associada ao cateter venoso central em neonatos internados em unidades de terapia intensiva. Método: tratou-se de um estudo ecológico realizado em 2017 a partir de notificações de infecção primária da corrente sanguínea associada ao cateter venoso central ocorridas na capital de um estado da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um formulário a partir de dois bancos de dados, municipal (2012 a 2016) e nacional (2014 a 2016). Resultados: a tendência temporal da densidade de incidência de infecção foi decrescente (p=0,019), com taxa de utilização de cateter venoso central de 45%. Os patógenos mais frequentes foram Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus coagulase negativo e Enterobacter spp. Aumento de resistência às cefalosporinas e à oxacilina ocorreu para bactérias Gram-negativo e Gram-positivo, respectivamente. Conclusão: Conclui-se que houve uma redução na taxa de IPCS associada ao cateter em neonatos no período avaliado e os episódios infecciosos foram predominantemente causados por bactérias Gram-negativo, incluindo isolados multirresistentes aos antimicrobianos. Esses achados apontam para a importância e necessidade de estratégias educacionais para a equipe multiprofissional sobre vigilância de infecção, medidas preventivas e uso racional de antimicrobianos.

Given the potential for morbidity and mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), the profile of these infections in adult intensive care units was evaluated in the city of Goiânia. Data were collected from a secondary base in the Department of Prevention and Control of Infection in Health Services, of the Municipal Health Department of Goiânia, from 2014 to 2016, in private (82.7%), public (17.2%), and philanthropic (6.0%) health care services. The rate of use of mechanical ventilation did not change significantly over the three years (32.6%). However, there was a decrease in the mean of VAP incidence density, and in 2016 there was a reduction of 7% in the 90th percentile. These reductions highlight the benefit of the implementation and adherence to bundles by the multidisciplinary team. KEY WORDS: Pneumonia; ventilator-associated; ventilators; mechanical; disease notification.