Public services and goods can provide relevant inputs to private productive activities. Modern States organize the production of these inputs on the basis of taxes collected from the community. When this process is affected by bureaucrats' corruption the efficiency of public expenditure decreases. In this paper we deal with the long-run consequences of this form of corruption. A model of economic growth with public inputs to private production is put forward. The production of public goods needs inputs from the private sector that bureaucrats buy with some degree of discretion. The aim of an illegal agreement between the exchanging parties is to profit from the lack of information. Governments fight corruption through costly public purchases monitoring. The extent of corruption is a decision variable in the maximization of expected revenue. This model finds support in the econometric analysis of the Italian case. A dynamic panel data approach to economic growth based on data of 20 regions allows us to estimate the effect of corruption on the productivity of expenditure on public investment. This effect is significant and distinct from a direct negative one of corruption on the growth rate.(JEL O10, H50; key words: government efficiency, dynamic panel data, Italian economy)
According to several indexes of corruption, the Italian society is strongly affected by this negative phenomenon. This paper investigates the determinants of corruption in
DEL MONTE A. and SCALERA D. (2001) The life duration of small firms born within a start‐up programme: evidence from italy, Reg Studies 35, 11–21. We argue in this paper that the success of a subsidy programme should not be evaluated by comparing the survival rates of subsidized and non subsidized firms, since the purpose of subsidies is to offset a gap with firms that do not need subsidies. Secondly, we seek to identify the main factors aVecting the death probability of small firms born within a start-up programme. To this end, we conduct an empirical investigation of the firms supported by Law 44 in Italy between 1988 and 1997, finding that the amount of capital invested has a negative impact on life duration, while the capital/ labour ratio and the amount of subsidy exert a positive influuence. The main result is the unusual, negative relationship between size and survival, which we interpret in terms of the bias induced by subsidies in favour of larger and Riskier firms. DEL MONTE A. et SCALERA D. (2001) La vie des petites entreprises nées au sein d'un programme en faveur de la création d'enteprise: des preuves provenant de l'Italie, Reg Studies 35, 11–21. Cet article cherche á affirmer que l'on ne devrait pas évaluer le succés d'un programme de subventions à partir d'une comparaison des taux de survie des entreprises subventionées ou non subventionées, puisque les subventions ont pour but de réduire l'écart par rapport aux entreprises qui n'en ont pas besoin. En deuxième, on cherche à identifier les facteurs clé qui influent sur la mortalité des petites enterprises nées suite au lancement d'un programme en faveur de la création d'entreprise. D'oú l'enquête sur les entreprises subventionées dans le cadre de la 44 en Italie entre 1988 et 1997. Il s'avère que le montant du capital initial investi influe de façon négative sur la vie de l'entreprise, tandis que le rapport capitaltravail et la subvention sont plutôt positifs. Il en résulte principalement un rapport inattendu et négatif entre la taille et la survie, considéré comme le parti pris provoqué par les subventions octroyées en faveur des enterprises plus grandes et plus aléatoires. DEL MONTE A. und SCALERA D. (2001) Die Lebensdauer kleiner Firmen, die ihre Entstehung einem Betriebsgründungsprogramm verdanken: Beweise aus Italien, Reg Studies 35, 11–21. Dieser Aufsatz vertritt die These, daß der Erfolg eines Subventionsprogramms nicht durch Vergleich der Überlebensraten subventionierter und nicht subventionierter Betriebe bewertet werden sollte, da der Zweck der Unterstützung das Wettmachen eines Abstandes ist, der zwischen ersteren und solchen Betrieben besteht, die keine Subventionen benötigen. Außerdem wird versucht, die Hauptfaktoren zu identifizieren, welche sich auf die Wahrscheinlichtkeit des Eingehens kleiner Betriebe auswirken, die ihre Entstehung einem Betriebsgründungsprogramm verdanken. Deswegen wird eine empirische Untersuchung der im Zeitraum 1988–1997 durch das Gesetz 44 in Italien unterstützter Betriebe durchgeführt, mit dem Befund, daß die ...
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