Metaheuristics are incapable of analyzing robot problems without being enhanced, modified, or hybridized. Enhanced metaheuristics reported in other works of literature are problem-specific and often not suitable for analyzing other robot configurations. The parameters of standard particle swarm optimization (SPSO) were shown to be incapable of resolving robot optimization problems. A novel algorithm for robot kinematic analysis with enhanced parameters is hereby presented. The algorithm is capable of analyzing all the known robot configurations. This was achieved by studying the convergence behavior of PSO under various robot configurations, with a view of determining new PSO parameters for robot analysis and a suitable adaptive technique for parameter identification. Most of the parameters tested stagnated in the vicinity of strong local minimizers. A few parameters escaped stagnation but were incapable of finding the global minimum solution, this is undesirable because accuracy is an important criterion for robot analysis and control. The algorithm was trained to identify stagnating solutions. The algorithm proposed herein was found to compete favorably with other algorithms reported in the literature. There is a great potential of further expanding the findings herein for dynamic parameter identification.

Based on the computational geometry technique, an improved algorithm for minimum zone of roundness error evaluation using an alternating exchange method is presented. A minimum zone fitting function was created to enhance the roundness error evaluation. The function uses three candidate points to determine the initial solution: the expected centre, the mean circle radius, and the corresponding zone half-width. The best solution function is designed to use the initial solution as the input to determine the optimum solution for the minimum zone circle. The proposed algorithm was validated using data available in the literature. The roundness error evaluation comparison results demonstrate that the proposed method accurately detects both the centre error magnitude and minimum zone circle and overcomes the insufficiency of using selected colinear points for four selected points.

The adoption of Industry 4.0 is attracting manufacturing companies, but the implementation barriers they expect to face, such as huge investment costs, and lack of skilled workers and infrastructure, make many of them hesitate to go through with implementation. The lack of a standardization approach also adds more difficulties in the implementation of advanced key technologies. Based on the design for the six sigma (DFSS) method, a new decision-making and implementation approach (DM&I) is proposed to address some implementation barriers and provide strategic guidance to implement the Industry 4.0 advanced key technologies. In this study, a systematic literature review was conducted to determine the impact of the implementation barriers for Industry 4.0 adoption. The DM&I approach has been applied in a bearing ring production line as a real case. The proposed method consists of two steps: decision-making, which consists of the define phase in determining the exact system weak point in order to reduce the improvement risk and system operation disturbance; the evaluate phase, which is the determining of the level of use of key technologies; the visualize phase, which is the stage of designing and modeling the proposed system and creating the virtual environment to simulate the system in real-time in order to support the improved decision-making process and avoid the fear of high costs; and then the optimize phase, where the optimal level of use of key technologies is determined. Then, the implementation phase consists of the develop phase, which encompasses the stage of physical system construction and hardware software development, followed by the validate phase and the integrate phase. These phases support infrastructure improvement. However, the proposed approach can be used by manufacturing companies to improve production efficacy and competitiveness.

In present years, the simulation technique has been extensively used in manufacturing processes, solving complex problems with least time, effort and cost. This paper presented a virtual simulation of automatic quality measurement system for tapered roller bearing to aid the decision-making processes, observe system operation processes and provide an initial design for constructing processes using 3D modeling process and Python programming language, the proposed system was intended to check the tapered roller bearing dimensions and to achieve the prescribed goals, the 3D model was built, the virtual environment has been created and the motion control process was applied in 3DAutomate software.

The NC lathe machine has many moving parts all with a special functions. To operate the machine you should understand the names and their movements. The Movement Simulation of NC Lathe Machine is developed by virtual reality development platform of Eon Studio. A 3D model of NC Lathe machine is built through 3D realistic modeling tools of Solidworks software, and transformed into Eon Studio. Collision object node is used to avoid the overlapping between objects during simulation.