Objectives: To determine the frequency of sustained ventricular arrhythmias in Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients. Methodology: This is a Cross sectional study was done at Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan Pakistan from 10th August 2018 to 9th February 2019. We included 170 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria with diagnosis of NSTEMI presented in department of cardiac emergency were selected. Informed consent was taken. The data was collected on prepared proforma. Results: In our study          mean age of patients was 50.90+7.25 years. There were 139 (81.76%) male patients and 31 (18.24%) female patients. There were 58 (34.12%) patients who were having diabetes mellitus, 68 (40.0%) patient’s having hypertension, 71 (41.76%) patients were smokers, 15 (8.82%) patients were having hypercholesterolemia, and 18 (10.59%) patients who were having positive family history of coronary artery disease (CAD). Sustained ventricular arrhythmias (VA) occurred in 9 (5.29%) patients of non-STEMI. Conclusion: The incidence of Sustained ventricular arrhythmias in patients of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is 5.29%. The occurrence of such events remains difficult to predict. Cardiac monitoring should be done in all patients to monitor occurrence of such Sustained ventricular arrhythmias in these patients.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of pre-hospital aspirin use in patients presenting with ST- segment elevation myocardial infarction and to assess the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients taken pre-hospital aspirin. Methodology: It was a prospective study conducted at tertiary care hospital for the duration of six months. About 657 patients aged between 18-80 years, of either gender and diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infraction were included in the study. Use of pre-hospital aspirin after symptoms was assessed in all patients, then followed and outcomes such as discharge status and length of hospital in days were evaluated. Results: Overall mean age was 54.60±12.06 years and most of them were males (79.1%). About 254 patients (38.7%) received aspirin before transfer to hospital and 403 patients (61.3%) received aspirin after arrival in hospital. Frequency of pre-hospital use of aspirin was significantly associated with gender (p=0.001), educational status (p=0.006), and monthly income (p=0.003). The mean rank of length of hospital stay was similar significantly lower in STEMI patients who received pre-hospital aspirin as compared to those who did not receive pre-hospital aspirin (p=0.001). Moreover, the death rate was lower in patients with pre-hospital aspirin administration as compared to those who did not receive pre-hospital aspirin (1.2%vs2%). However, the difference between pre-hospital aspirin use and discharge status was not statistically significant (p=0.434). Conclusion: Frequency of pre-hospital aspirin use was lower in patients with STEMI. Gender, educational status, and socio-economic status were the significant factors for pre-hospital aspirin use.

CAD (coronary artery disease) has a link with the long-lasting kidney issues. The people suffering from some kidney issue may develop coronary artery disorder and its risk factors are very similar to the risk factors in other cases. Objective: To assess the parameters of CKD (coronary kidney disease) and CAD (coronary artery disease). There was need for the establishment of some efficient predictive methods or biomarkers for the indication of the coronary disorder. Methods: To proceed with this study 301 patients were selected. All of these patients were admitted in the cardiology ward of the hospital. Among them 151 patients had ACS along with CDK while on the other hand, 150 patients had ACS but they do not have any coronary artery disease. Both categories of the patients had made, according to the presence or absence of coronary artery disease. The progression of Coronary disease was estimated by KDIGO (improving global outcome). Results: For the prediction of results, all the attributes related to kidney issues as well as coronary artery were analyzed. Different parameters like disease history of the patients, regulatory parameter of both ACS and CKD, cardio graphical results and angiography states, were carefully estimated for both categories. The characteristics related to increased level of myocardial infarction indicated by STEMI. All these inferred that the level of initiation of coronary disease is much higher in the group without chronic kidney disease. It was estimated about 42 %. However, in the case of CKD group having coronary issues, the raise of non-segmented myocardial infarction is lower (28 %). Conclusion: There is increased level of CAD in case of kidney disease and in CAD. The different indicators and markers for the coronary and kidney disease as well as different cardiological methods were assessed in this study.