The relations for hand preference with craniofacial asymmetry and ear advantage, and between craniofacial asymmetry and ear advantage were investigated in young healthy subjects. Ear advantage was recorded as duration of hearing, craniofacial asymmetry by computerized tomography in 44 right-handed and 38 left-handed male and female high school students. Right-handers had a right ear advantage and a larger left craniofacial region, whereas left-handers had a left ear advantage and a larger right craniofacial region. These results are consistent with the speculation that hand preference may be related to craniofacial and consequently aural asymmetries.

In this work, handedness differences in the widths of right and left craniofacial regions were studied in a healthy sample of 39 male and 43 female students, 17 to 23 years old. Width of craniofacial regions was assessed by computerized tomography. Handedness was associated with the left face width especially for women. The left facial region was larger for right-handers than left-handers. The smaller measure for the left face of left-handers might be associated with an advantage of left ear sensitivity.

Nowadays, obesity is seriously threatening healthy life in all societies, especially in developed societies. Obesity is showing its likely effects through biologically active substances called adipokines. The most familiar of these is leptin. Leptin is synthesized in directly proportional to the amount of adipose tissue and reduced appetite by stimulating the satiety center. This status is like a protective mechanism that tries to reverse severe pathological process. Similar to this behavior of leptin, thyroid hormones are increasing in the advanced stages of obesity, increasing the resting energy expenditure (REE). The accelerating oxidative phosphorylation causes the use of energy as heat, the energy that has not transformed into ATP, together with ATP synthesis. This situation, the significant portion of energy provides to consumed instead of storing as fat. In addition, finding that T3 accelerates glucose transport and the TCA cycle without changing the rate of ATP synthesis in skeletal muscles suggests that thyroid hormones may be an effective tool in standing against obesity. In addition of that, the presence of studies indicating that thyroid hormones have an increasing tendency in the advanced stages of obesity is likely thought to be a rescuer mechanism to increase the effectiveness of suppressed thyroid hormones. On the contrary of these ideas, having been reported suppressing 5’-deiodinease enzyme activity in chronic diseases causes anxiety about the effectiveness of thyroid hormones in obesity. Based on available information, we aimed to prepare a review evaluating of this adaptive condition of thyroid hormones.

Objective: The nutritional status of pre-obese and obese women in the premenopausal and postmenopausal period is thought to be associated with anemia. In this study, we aimed to reveal the extent to which they meet their daily energy and nutrient needs and the relationship with the development of anemia by examining the food consumption records of women in the premenopausal and postmenopausal periods. Material and Method: Women who applied to the Ataşehir District Health Directorate Healthy Nutrition and Active Life Unit for "Nutrition and Diet Consultancy" between May-July 2019 were included in the study. Women were divided into two groups as premenopause (36-45 years old) and postmenopause (46-73 years old) and their anthropometric measurements and nutritional status were evaluated. Serum glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, total-cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, AST, ALT, iron, iron binding capacity, ferritin, vitamin B12, TSH, free T4, vitamin D and hemogram parameters of all participants were recorded. Results: The waist circumference of 67.5% of the women in the premenopause group and 75% of the women in the postmenopausal group were above 88 cm. The blood BUN and HDL levels of premenopausal women were found to be lower than those in the postmenopausal period (BUN: 10.6±3.51 versus 15.06±4.96 and HDL: 54.1±9.1 versus 59, respectively. 3±13.5; p <0.05). Premenopausal women had lower blood ferritin levels and higher iron binding capacity (WBC) compared to postmenopausal women (Ferritin: 15.8±11.5 versus 33.5±25.4 and DBT: 311.12±61.7 vs 287.50±41.93; p <0.05). One of the important results of the study was the higher levels for vitamin D, AST and ALT in women in the post-menopausal period (p <0.05). Conclusion:It was determined that women in the premenopausal period did not receive enough iron and vitamin D to meet their needs. For this reason, daily food consumption should be adjusted accordingly, and lifestyle changes should be made to acquire healthy eating habits.

Agmatine exerts a significant neuroprotective effect on guinea pig retinas after transient ischemia-reperfusion insult.