Azithromycin, an azalide subclass macrolide antibiotic, is an effective, well-tolerated and safe therapeutic option for treatment of papillomatosis in humans. This study reports the clinical and histopathological results from a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of 17 dogs of various breeds with diagnosis of oral (n = 12) and cutaneous papillomatosis (n = 5) treated with azithromycin. Papillomas appeared as whitish, verrucous, hyperkeratotic papules 1-2.7 mm in size. The cases were randomly assigned to azithromycin (n = 10) and placebo treatment groups (n = 7). Both owners and investigators were blinded to the allocation to the groups. Azithromycin (10 mg/kg) was administered per os every 24 h for 10 days. Clinical evaluations were done by the same investigator throughout the trial. Azithromycin treatment significantly decreased clinical scores (P < 0.001), whereas there was no change seen in the placebo group. In the azithromycin treatment group, skin lesions disappeared in 10-15 days. One case in the placebo had spontaneous regression of its papillomas by day 41, but lesions were still evident at day 50 in the remaining six cases. There was no recurrence of papillomatosis in the azithromycin treated dogs (follow up 8 months). No adverse effects were seen in either group. In conclusion, azithromycin appears to be a safe and effective treatment for canine papillomatosis.

IntroductionChronic gastritis is a common diagnosis in dogs with signs of chronic vomiting. However, there is no data concerning endoscopic and histopathological agreement in dogs with chronic gastritis. Thus, a question should be raised whether taking gastroduodenal biopsies in dogs with chronic gastritis is necessary or not. Consequently, the purpose of the study was to compare the endoscopic and histopathological agreement in dogs with chronic gastritis.Material and MethodsA total of 22 non-pregnant client-owned dogs with the signs of chronic gastritis were enrolled in this prospective study. Procedures including clinical examination, blood analysis, and diagnostic imaging were performed before anaesthesia. Biopsies obtained from gastroduodenal sites were histopathologically evaluated. A total of 110 gastroduodenal samples were examined.ResultsSixty-eight samples had abnormal histopathology and endoscopy while 11 showed normal histopathological and endoscopic evidence.ConclusionThe obtained data demonstrated that it is not necessary to take extra gastroduodenal biopsies in dogs with evidence of endoscopic gastroduodenitis. We also believe that further prospective studies, including cost and time effectiveness and more specific comparison between endoscopic appearance and histopathology, are necessary to make final recommendations regarding the need of using both procedures for definitive diagnosis.

Dogs with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection (LUTI) are usually treated with appropriate antibiotics for 10−14 days. In humans, a single dose of ceftriaxone is employed in the treatment of uncomplicated LUTI. The purpose of the current study was to compare the efficacy of a single dose of ceftriaxone with multiple dose (14 days) enrofloxacin administration in dogs with uncomplicated LUTI. Forty-seven non-pregnant clientowned dogs with LUTI signs were enrolled in this prospective, controlled, randomised, blinded clinical trial. The inclusion criteria were the presence of at least one type of bacteria greater than or equal to 1000 CFU/ml in each urine sample. Dogs were assigned randomly to Group ENR (n = 23) enrofloxacin treatment (5 mg/kg, s.c., s.i.d., for 14 days) and Group CEF (n = 20) ceftriaxone treatment (25 mg/kg, i.v., once). The time needed for disappearance of clinical signs ranged from 4−9 days and 1−5 days for Group ENR and Group CEF, respectively. Clinical signs significantly improved earlier in Group CEF than in Group ENR (P < 0.0001). Urine culture with less than or equal to 1000 CFU/ml was achieved on Days 17−21 after the first day of treatment in all dogs. Although a single dose of ceftriaxone can be considered as an alternative treatment to alleviate the signs of uncomplicated LUTI in dogs, its status as drug of last resort is a limiting factor for its extensive use in clinical practice.

LETTER TO EDITORB Bi ir r B Bo oa a C Co on ns st tr ri ic ct tu ur r' 'd da a O Op ph hi io on ny ys ss su us s n na at tr ri ic ci is s E En nf fe ek ks si iy yo on nu u v ve e S Sa ağ ğa al lt tı ım mı ı

Öz: Bu araştırma Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı Kliniği'ne getirilen geriatrik yaş aralığında farklı ırk, yaş ve kiloda 52'si erkek, 48'i dişi toplam 100 sahipli hasta köpek üzerinde yürütüldü. Köpekler vücut ağırlıklarına göre 4 gruba ayrılmış olup 10 kg'dan küçük köpekler grup 1 (n:59); 10-24.9 kg arası köpekler grup 2 (n:20); 25-45 kg arasındaki köpekler grup 3 (n:17); 45 kg'dan büyük köpekler grup 4 (n:4) olarak araştırmaya alındı. Çalışmaya dahil olan 100 köpekte, tüm değerlendirmeler sonucunda 47 farklı hastalık ortaya konuldu. Köpeklerin birçoğunda birden fazla hastalığın birlikte seyrettiği belirlendi. Saptanan hastalıkların organ sistemlerine göre sınıflandırılması yapıldığında, 54 köpekte dolaşım sistemi, 21 köpekte sindirim sitemi, 19 köpekte üriner sistem, 20 köpekte genital sistem, 16 köpekte solunum sistemi, 15 köpekte endokrin ve metabolik hastalıklar, 9 köpekte lenforetüküler (dalak ve lenf yumruları) sistem, 7 köpekte lokomotor sistem ve sinir sitemi hastalığı, 4 köpekte kulak ve işitme hastalıkları, 2 köpekte ise dermatolojik bozukluklar tespit edildi. Hastalıkların görülme yüzdeleri dikkate alındığında en sık rastlanılan 10 hastalık, kronik valvuler kalp hastalığı %22.81, kardiyomegali %6.43, akciğerlerde kitlesel oluşum %5.85, pyometra %4.09, memede kitlesel oluşum %4.09, kronik böbrek yetmezliği %4.09, sistitis %2.92, kolestitis %2.92, perikardiyalefüzyon %2.34 ve diabetesmellitus %2.34 olarak belirlendi.