IntroductionChronic gastritis is a common diagnosis in dogs with signs of chronic vomiting. However, there is no data concerning endoscopic and histopathological agreement in dogs with chronic gastritis. Thus, a question should be raised whether taking gastroduodenal biopsies in dogs with chronic gastritis is necessary or not. Consequently, the purpose of the study was to compare the endoscopic and histopathological agreement in dogs with chronic gastritis.Material and MethodsA total of 22 non-pregnant client-owned dogs with the signs of chronic gastritis were enrolled in this prospective study. Procedures including clinical examination, blood analysis, and diagnostic imaging were performed before anaesthesia. Biopsies obtained from gastroduodenal sites were histopathologically evaluated. A total of 110 gastroduodenal samples were examined.ResultsSixty-eight samples had abnormal histopathology and endoscopy while 11 showed normal histopathological and endoscopic evidence.ConclusionThe obtained data demonstrated that it is not necessary to take extra gastroduodenal biopsies in dogs with evidence of endoscopic gastroduodenitis. We also believe that further prospective studies, including cost and time effectiveness and more specific comparison between endoscopic appearance and histopathology, are necessary to make final recommendations regarding the need of using both procedures for definitive diagnosis.

Dogs with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection (LUTI) are usually treated with appropriate antibiotics for 10−14 days. In humans, a single dose of ceftriaxone is employed in the treatment of uncomplicated LUTI. The purpose of the current study was to compare the efficacy of a single dose of ceftriaxone with multiple dose (14 days) enrofloxacin administration in dogs with uncomplicated LUTI. Forty-seven non-pregnant clientowned dogs with LUTI signs were enrolled in this prospective, controlled, randomised, blinded clinical trial. The inclusion criteria were the presence of at least one type of bacteria greater than or equal to 1000 CFU/ml in each urine sample. Dogs were assigned randomly to Group ENR (n = 23) enrofloxacin treatment (5 mg/kg, s.c., s.i.d., for 14 days) and Group CEF (n = 20) ceftriaxone treatment (25 mg/kg, i.v., once). The time needed for disappearance of clinical signs ranged from 4−9 days and 1−5 days for Group ENR and Group CEF, respectively. Clinical signs significantly improved earlier in Group CEF than in Group ENR (P < 0.0001). Urine culture with less than or equal to 1000 CFU/ml was achieved on Days 17−21 after the first day of treatment in all dogs. Although a single dose of ceftriaxone can be considered as an alternative treatment to alleviate the signs of uncomplicated LUTI in dogs, its status as drug of last resort is a limiting factor for its extensive use in clinical practice.

Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. erinacei is rarely isolated from dogs with dermatophytosis. It is a zoophilic dermatophyte transmitted by hedgehogs and, in contrast to other dermatophyte species, is characterised by a severe suppurative and inflammatory response known as kerion. A 5-year-old male mongrel dog was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital with a 2-week history of a localised pruritic and suppurative alopecic lesion on the scrotum. Routine blood tests, peripheral blood smears, multiple skin scrapings and bacteriological culture did not reveal any abnormalities. However, Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. erinacei was isolated from a fungal culture. The presence of hedgehogs around the daily walking areas of the dog suggested the possibility of direct or indirect contact of the dog with hedgehogs. Fungicidal treatment was implemented with oral itraconazole (5 mg/kg once daily) and topical application of clotrimazole (twice daily) for a month. The scrotal lesion healed completely and hair grew back within a month. No recurrence occurred during a 4 month follow-up. T. mentagrophytes var. erinacei should be included in the differential diagnosis of suppurative scrotal skin lesions of dogs, which have come into possible contact with hedgehogs.

Porencephaly is an extremely rare congenital disorder of the central nervous system characterized by focal cerebral cysts and cavities. Central diabetes insipidus is also a well-described condition in veterinary medicine. A 4-year-old Terrier dog was referred to the hospital with polyuria and polydipsia. Based on a diagnostic examination, porencephaly complicated by central diabetes insipidus was determined. Treatment consisted in administering intranasal desmopressin to the conjunctiva. The dog remains clinically healthy for 2 years. This case report reflects the MRI features of porencephaly and central diabetes insipidus associated with congenital porencephaly.

Akut solunum güçlüğü sendromu (ARDS) kedilerde acil müdahale gerektiren ve mortalitesi oldukça yüksek bir klinik sendromdur. Dokuların yeterli düzeyde oksijenlenmesindeki sorunlar şiddetli fiziksel ve mental disstrese neden olmakta ve bu durum hızlı şekilde ölüm ile sonuçlanabilmektedir. Bu çalışma; ARDS’li kedilerde klinikopatolojik bulguların değerlendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma akut solunum güçlüğü ve taşipne şikayeti ile getirilen 84 kedi ile gerçekleştirildi. Eşgal ve anamnez bilgileri kaydedilen hastalarda vücut ısısı, kapillar dolum zamanı, dakikadaki solunum sayısı ve dehidrasyon derecesi belirlendi; mukoza kontrolleri, kalp ve akciğer oskültasyonları kısa sürede yapıldı. Ayırıcı tanıya gidebilmek için hastalarda kan analizleri ve diyagnostik uygulamalar gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen kedilerin (n:84) 55’i acil vaka olarak değerlendirildi ve oksijen desteği sağlandı. Hastaların 71’ inde kan analizleri, 68’inde toraks grafileri, 22’sinde Ekokardiyografi ve 3’ ünde torakosentez uygulandı. Çalışmada; solunum güçlüğü olan 84 kedinin 65’inde (%77.38) non-kardiyojenik nedenler, 19 kedide ise (%22.62) kardiyojenik nedenler belirlendi. Sonuç olarak; kedilerde akut respiratorik disstres sendromu bir çok klinikopatolojik nedene bağlı şekillenmekte ve hızlı tanı ve tedavi yapılmazsa akut solunum aresti sonucu ölüme neden olmaktadır.